Disease relevance of Eczema

• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked recessive immunodeficiency characterized by eczema, thrombocytopenia, and recurrent infections [1].
• PCR amplification was used to test genomic DNA for an association between allelic polymorphisms in MCC and a flanking gene (CGL1, for the cathepsin-G-like protein) on chromosome 14q11 and asthma, rhinitis, and eczema [2].
• The central role of gut sensitivity is emphasised by the protection afforded by sodium cromoglycate both when given acutely, against the effects of an oral challenge, and when given continuously for asthma and eczema due to food allergy [3].
• Exacerbation of eczema by formalin-containing hepatitis B vaccine in formaldehyde-allergic patient [4].
• Phenytoin, leukopenia, and remission of eczema [5].

High impact information on Eczema

• This relation with the serum IgE level was not explained by a concomitant diagnosis of allergic rhinitis or eczema [6].
• Editorial: Methylene blue for eczema herpeticum [7].
• 2. We aimed to identify variants of MCC and another gene within this complex, and assess whether there is a genetic association between variants of MCC and atopic disorders-particularly eczema [2].
• Latex gloves as a cause of inflammation and eczema [8].
• The concentration of IgE antibodies to the mite body was higher in those with eczema than in those with asthma, but the concentrations of IgE antibodies to the faecal allergen were not significantly different [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Eczema

• Specific IgE complexes and symptoms of asthma and eczema were produced in two allergic patients by oral challenge with food allergen [3].
• Treatment of eczema herpeticum with oral acyclovir [10].
• The effect of dexamethasone (DM) on de novo in vitro total IgE synthesis by blood mononuclear cells (MNC) was studied in atopic patients with eczema and in nonatopic control subjects [11].
• Lenticular complications of long-term steroid therapy in children with asthma and eczema [12].
• Depressed chemotaxis was not related to the presence of infection, to the serum IgE level, or to the severity of the eczema, and it could not be produced in vitro by incubating normal cells with histamine or IgE myeloma [13].

Biological context of Eczema

• This relation remained significant even after the exclusion of children with diagnosed asthma (P less than 0.0001) and of all children with a history of wheezing, allergic rhinitis, or eczema (P less than 0.0001) [6].
• The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, eczema, disorders in cell-mediated and humoral immunity, and a proclivity to lymphoproliferative disease [14].
• Apoptosis of keratinocytes, induced mainly by T cells and mediated by IFN-gamma and Fas, is the essential pathogenetic event in eczema formation [15].
• It was also noted that the glycogenolysis response to isoproterenol was significantly less at 10-5 M in eczema, but the fall in glycogen was normal with PGE (10-5 M and 10-7 M) [16].
• Soluble CD14 levels in breast milk collected 3 months postpartum were significantly lower in children with eczema at 6 months of age, irrespective of whether they were atopic (P =.003) [17].

Anatomical context of Eczema

• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a fully penetrant X-linked recessive disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia with small platelets, eczema, and defects of both T-cell and B-cell immunity [18].
• Lymphocyte cAMP response in eczema was decreased both to epinephrine (10-5 M) and to isoproterenol (10-5 M) but normal to prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) [16].
• Since most of the patients with allergic and nonallergic asthma and eczema under investigation were characterized by a peripheral blood eosinophilia, we investigated whether PAF should be capable of mobilizing blood eosinophils to the skin of patients with nonallergic asthma and AD using the Rebuck skin window technique [19].
• The inhibition of lysosomal enzyme release from granulocytes after zymosan stimulation was significantly less (p less than 0.01) in eczema with all concentrations of isoproterenol tested [16].
• Reduced soluble CD14 levels in amniotic fluid and breast milk are associated with the subsequent development of atopy, eczema, or both [17].

Gene context of Eczema

• The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is an inherited X-linked immunodeficiency characterized by thrombocytopenia, eczema, and a tendency toward lymphoid malignancy [20].
• Concentrations of immunoreactive SP, NKA, and CGRP were measured in extracts of the eczema ears (n = 26), whereas extracts of the opposite ears were used as controls [21].
• It was also expressed in lichen planus, chronic eczema, cutaneous squamous cell cancers, and during normal wound repair when IFI27 was found in the proliferating subpopulation of keratinocytes [22].
• Skin prick test-negative children with eczema produced higher levels of IL-10 than skin prick test-positive children [23].
• Upon stimulation with Der f peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients proliferated in a B7-dependent (CD80- and CD86-dependent) manner, while those from the patients with negative scores, nonatopic eczematous dermatitis patients or normal individuals, did not [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Eczema

• The aim of the present retrospective study was to estimate the incidence rate of self-reported hand eczema in a sample from the general population and to study the relation of this to age, sex, and atopy [25].
• Children who underwent adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy before the age of 8 years were not more likely to develop asthma, AR, or eczema at the age of 21 years than children who did not; RR 0.93 (95% confidence limits (CL) 0.52-1.64), RR 0.94 (CL 0.68-1.30), and RR 1.00 (CL 0.59-1.68), respectively [26].
• Data from epidemiological studies conducted in several countries worldwide have revealed that the prevalences of allergic conditions, including allergic rhinitis, asthma and eczema, have increased from the 1940s/50s to the 1990s [27].
• In the other six patients, the clinical picture was local eczema, and the patch tests were all positive with Mercurochrome and the inorganic mercuric derivatives [28].
• Hypersensitivity to bacteria in eczema. I. Bacterial culture, skin tests and immunofluorescent detection of immunoglobulins and bacterial antigens [29].

References