Disease relevance of avrPto1

• An avrPto/avrPtoB mutant of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 does not elicit Pto-mediated resistance and is less virulent on tomato [1].
• Overexpression of Pto under the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter activates spontaneous lesions and confers disease resistance in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants in the absence of avrPto [2].

High impact information on avrPto1

• A genomic fragment containing Prf complemented a prf mutant tomato line both for resistance to Pst strains expressing avrPto and for sensitivity to the insecticide Fenthion [3].
• A hypersensitive disease resistance response (HR) is elicited when Pto and avrPto are expressed experimentally within the same plant cell [4].
• When introduced into P. s. tabaci, avrPto triggers resistance in tobacco W38 plants that carry the corresponding R gene [5].
• Resistance to P. s. tomato depends upon expression of the Pto locus in tomato, which encodes a protein with similarity to serine/threonine protein kinases and recognizes pathogen strains expressing the avirulence gene avrPto [6].
• The Pto gene encodes a serine/threonine kinase that confers resistance in tomato to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strains that express the avirulence gene avrPto [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of avrPto1

• Pto is a member of a multigene family and encodes a serine/threonine kinase that mediates gene-for-gene resistance to strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato expressing avrPto [8].

Biological context of avrPto1

• Only when Pto and avrPto are present in the corresponding organisms are two distinct phases of the oxidative burst seen, a rapid first burst followed by a slower and more prolonged second burst [7].
• Elicitation of hypersensitive cell death and induction of plant disease resistance by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) is dependent on activity of the Pst Hrp secretion system and the gene-for-gene interaction between the tomato resistance gene Pto and the bacterial avirulence gene avrPto [9].
• To investigate the extent to which variation in the Pto gene is responsible for naturally occurring variation in resistance to Pst, we determined the resistance phenotype of 51 accessions from seven species of Lycopersicon to isogenic strains of Pst differing in the presence of avrPto [10].
• Here we report that avrPto enhances the virulence of P. syringae pv. tomato in a strain-dependent manner in tomato plants lacking Pto [11].
• AvrPto was introduced into three tomato genotypes with two biotic agents to study its role in compatible interactions. avrPto enhanced the capacity of the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain T1 to induce necrotic symptoms on tomato plants that lacked either Pto or Prf genes [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of avrPto1

• By using cDNA microarrays, we verified changes in expression of many of these genes at various time points after inoculation with P. syringae pv tomato (avrPto) of the resistant Pto-overexpressing line and the susceptible sibling line [13].
• Highest expression of avrPto in cell culture is observed in minimal media containing sugars and sugar alcohols as carbon sources and lowest expression in minimal media containing tricarboxylic acid intermediates and in complex media [14].

References