Disease relevance of Lycopersicon esculentum

• Phytoene synthase from the bacterium Erwinia uredovora (crtB) has been overexpressed in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Ailsa Craig) [1].
• By using biochemical, immunological, and molecular strategies we have identified and cloned a cDNA encoding a protease from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants (P69B) that is part of a proteolytic system activated in the plant as a result of infection with citrus exocortis viroid [2].
• Stable transformation of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv Ailsa Craig) plants with a construct containing the antisense sequence for the receiver domain and 3'-untranslated portion of the tomato ethylene receptor (LeETR1) under the control of an enhanced cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter resulted in some expected and unexpected phenotypes [3].
• For example, ethylene and salicylic acid (SA) mediate symptom development but do not influence bacterial growth in the interaction between tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and virulent Xanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoria (Xcv) [4].
• The Pto gene encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that confers resistance in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato strains that express the type III effector protein AvrPto [5].

High impact information on Lycopersicon esculentum

• A gene that encodes systemin, a mobile 18-amino acid polypeptide inducer of proteinase inhibitor synthesis in tomato and potato leaves, has been isolated from tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum [6].
• The functionality of this receptor was further tested by heterologous expression of the Arabidopsis FLS2 gene in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cells [7].
• The fungal elicitor Ethylene-Inducing Xylanase (EIX) elicits ethylene biosynthesis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves by induction of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-caboxylic acid synthase (Acs) gene expression [8].
• Here, we report the characterization of a JA-deficient mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) that lacks local and systemic expression of defensive proteinase inhibitors (PIs) in response to wounding [9].
• MFP1 attachment factor 1 (MAF1) is a plant-specific NE-associated protein first identified in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Lycopersicon esculentum

• A 23-kD pathogenesis-related protein (P23) is induced in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill, cv Rutgers) plants when infected with citrus exocortis viroid [11].
• To assess the impact of PPO expression on resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato we introduced a chimeric antisense potato PPO cDNA into tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). Oxidation of caffeic acid, the dominant o-diphenolic aglycone of tomato foliage, was decreased ca. 40-fold by antisense expression of PPO [12].
• We have engineered tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill var. UC82b) to express a gene for the glycoprotein (G-protein), which coats the outer surface of the rabies virus [13].

Biological context of Lycopersicon esculentum

• Regulation of gene expression by ethylene during Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) fruit development [14].
• We analyzed two mutations that affect fruit pigmentation in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum): Beta (B), a single dominant gene that increases beta-carotene in the fruit, and old-gold (og), a recessive mutation that abolishes beta-carotene and increases lycopene [15].
• By expressing two self-complementary RNA constructions designed to initiate RNA interference (RNAi) of iaaM and ipt, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and Lycopersicon esculentum plants that are highly resistant to crown gall disease development [16].
• Here, we report the molecular cloning and characterization of a novel AOS-encoding cDNA (LeAOS3) from Lycopersicon esculentum whose predicted amino acid sequence classifies it as a member of the CYP74C subfamily of enzymes that was hitherto not known to include AOSs [17].
• The epinastic (epi) mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) has a dark-grown seedling phenotype similar to the triple response even in the absence of ethylene [18].

Anatomical context of Lycopersicon esculentum

• At 1, 2, or 4 weeks, the tracheal vasculature was stained by perfusion of silver nitrate to mark EC borders or biotinylated Lycopersicon esculentum lectin to label the EC surface and adherent leukocytes [19].
• Endo-beta-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78) is involved in hydrolysis of the mannan-rich cell walls of the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) endosperm during germination and post-germinative seedling growth [20].
• The subcellular location of activity and protein of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) in developing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruit was determined following a report that the enzyme might be present inside and outside the plastids in this organ [21].
• Lectin histochemistry with Griffonia simplicifolia B4 isolectin and Lycopersicon esculentum lectin demonstrated numerous phagocytic macrophages and reactive microglia in and around the tumors whose distribution was similar to that of quinolinate immunoreactive cells, albeit much more numerous [22].
• Treatment of tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) with fusicoccin (FC), an activator of the plasma-membrane H+-ATPase which maintains an electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane, resulted in a dose-dependent accumulation of transcripts for intra- and extracellular pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins [23].

Associations of Lycopersicon esculentum with chemical compounds

• Evidence for selection as a mechanism in the concerted evolution of Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) genes encoding the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase [24].
• Germacrene C was found by GC-MS and NMR analysis to be the most abundant sesquiterpene in the leaf oil of Lycopersicon esculentum cv. VFNT Cherry, with lesser amounts of germacrene A, guaia-6,9-diene, germacrene B, beta-caryophyllene, alpha-humulene, and germacrene D [25].
• The two sets of stereoisomers of [3,4-2H2]methionine were chemically converted to S-adenosylhomocysteine, methylated to give the corresponding (+/-)-S-adenosyl-DL-methionines, and then incubated with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase partially purified from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum, L.) pericarp tissue [26].
• Truncated phenylalanine ammonia-lyase expression in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) [27].
• Pectin methylesterase regulates methanol and ethanol accumulation in ripening tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruit [28].

Gene context of Lycopersicon esculentum

• RNS2 is most similar to RNase LE [Jost, W., Bak, H., Glund, K., Terpstra, P., Beintema, J. J. (1991) Eur. J. Biochem. 198, 1-6.], an S-like RNase from Lycopersicon esculentum, a Solanaceous species [29].
• We previously characterized two pollen-specific, receptor-like kinases, LePRK1 and LePRK2, from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) [30].
• There are two divergent fructokinase isozymes, Frk1 and Frk2 in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants [31].
• Cloning of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) arginine decarboxylase gene and its expression during fruit ripening [32].
• There is one DELLA gene (LeGAI) present in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), which is expressed in both vegetative and reproductive tissues [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Lycopersicon esculentum

• Degenerate oligonucleotides corresponding to two conserved regions of ADC were used as primers in polymerase chain reaction amplification of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) genomic DNA, and a 1.05-kb fragment was obtained [32].
• Progesterone was converted to 5alpha-pregnane-3alpha-ol-20-one, delta4-pregnene-20alpha-ol-3-one, delta4-pregnene-14alpha-ol-3,20-dione, delta4-pregnene-7beta,14alpha-diol-3,20-dione, and delta4-pregnene-6beta,11alpha-diol-3,20-dione by cell cultures of Lycopersicon esculentum [34].
• In an effort to understand the molecular mechanism of gibberellin (GA) action, we have cloned and performed an initial characterization of three cDNAs (GAD1, 2, and 3) which correspond to RNAs that become less abundant by 2 h after treatment of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) shoot tissue with gibberellic acid (GA3) [35].
• Using the RT-PCR technique, we isolated a cDNA clone (designated LePro 1) encoding profilin from pollen grains of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Moneymaker) [36].
• We describe a rapid, simplified method for the isolation of bovine choroidal endothelial cells using microdissection followed by the use of superparamagnetic beads (Dynabeads) coated with the endothelial cell-specific lectin Lycopersicon esculentum, which selectively binds to fucose residues on the endothelial cell surface [37].

References