Disease relevance of PLAGL2

• We identified a pleomorphic adenoma gene like 2 (PLAGL2), one of PLAG superfamily proteins exhibiting antiproliferative properties on tumor cells [1].
• Hypoxia also increased PLAGL2 mRNA [1].
• PLAGL2 mRNA was induced in RAW264.7 cells, mouse erythroleukemia cells and Balb/c 3T3 cells when they were treated with desferrioxamine [1].
• Assignment of the rat pleiomorphic adenoma genes (Plag1, Plagl1, Plagl2) by in situ hybridization and radiation hybrid mapping [2].

High impact information on PLAGL2

• CIS genes included members of a zinc finger transcription factors family, Plag1 and Plagl2, with eight and two independent insertions, respectively [3].
• Finally, PLAG1 and PLAGL2 expression was increased in 20% of human AML samples [4].
• PLAG1 and PLAGL2 are also regulated by acetylation [5].
• Sumoylation and acetylation play opposite roles in the transactivation of PLAG1 and PLAGL2 [5].
• Interestingly, the sumoylation-deficient mutant of PLAGL2 is acetylated at a lower level than its wild-type counterpart, suggesting that some of the lysine residues may be targets for both modifications [5].

Biological context of PLAGL2

• Mouse PLAGL2 consists of 496 amino acids with seven C2H2 zinc-fingers [1].
• Involvement of PLAGL2 in activation of iron deficient- and hypoxia-induced gene expression in mouse cell lines [1].
• In this report, we show that NIH3T3 cells overexpressing PLAG1 or PLAGL2 display the typical markers of neoplastic transformation: (a) the cells lose cell-cell contact inhibition; (b) show anchorage-independent growth; and (c) are able to induce tumors in nude mice [6].
• PLAG1 (pleomorphic adenoma gene 1) and PLAGL2 (PLAG-like 2) are oncogenes involved in various malignancies [5].

Anatomical context of PLAGL2

• Expression of PLAGL2 in COS-7 cells led to nuclear localization [1].
• Pleomorphic adenoma gene (PLAG) 1, the main translocation target in pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands, is a member of a new subfamily of zinc finger proteins comprising the tumor suppressor candidate PLAG-like1 (also called ZAC1 or lost on transformation 1) and PLAGL2 [6].

Regulatory relationships of PLAGL2

• Activation in transcription from the LDHA promoter increased by desferrioxamine treatment or hypoxia was further enhanced when PLAGL2 was expressed [1].

Other interactions of PLAGL2

• PLAGL2 had potential binding ability to GC-rich oligonucleotide and activated transcription of a gene with the binding sequence in transient reporter assay, a finding consistent with a case seen in a PLAGL2 homolog, ZAC-1 [1].

References