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Gene Review:

TPTE - transmembrane phosphatase with tensin...

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: CT44, Cancer/testis antigen 44, PTEN2, Transmembrane phosphatase with tensin homology, Tumor antigen BJ-HCC-5

Guipponi, M. et al., Tapparel, C. et al., Walker, S.M. et al., Brun, M.E. et al., Dong, X.Y. et al.

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Disease relevance of TPTE

Finally, we identify another expressed TPTE copy, mapping to human chromosome 22, whose transcription appears to be under the control of the LTR of human endogenous retrovirus RTVL-H3 [1].
Both are cancer-testis (CT) antigens and renamed as FATE/BJ-HCC-2 and TPTE/BJ-HCC-5, respectively [2].

High impact information on TPTE

TPIP has a wider tissue distribution than the testis-specific TPTE, with specific splice variants being expressed in testis, brain and stomach [3].
The previously cloned, but uncharacterized, TPTE (transmembrane phosphatase with tensin homology) is localized to the plasma membrane, but lacks detectable phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase activity [3].
The human TPTE (Transmembrane Phosphatase with TEnsin homology) gene family encodes a PTEN-related tyrosine phosphatase with four potential transmembrane domains [1].
The TPTE gene family: cellular expression, subcellular localization and alternative splicing [1].
FATE and TPTE genes were originally reported to be specifically expressed in the adult testis [2].

Biological context of TPTE

Chromosomal mapping revealed multiple copies of the TPTE gene present on the acrocentric chromosomes 13, 15, 21 and 22, and the Y chromosome [4].
This region of the human genome was found to contain a partial, highly diverged copy of TPTE that is likely to represent the ancestral copy from which the other copies of TPTE arose through duplication events [4].
The Y chromosome copy of TPTE is a pseudogene and is not therefore involved in the testis expression of this gene family [4].
The human TPTE gene encodes a testis-specific protein that contains four potential transmembrane domains and a protein tyrosine phosphatase motif, and shows homology to the tumor suppressor PTEN/MMAC1 [4].
Transfection of a 5'EGFP-TPTE fusion protein in Hela cells revealed an intracellular localization within the Golgi apparatus [4].

Anatomical context of TPTE

In the present study, we show that TPTE and TPIP proteins are expressed in secondary spermatocytes and/or prespermatids [1].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of TPTE

The TPTE gene family was generated before the branching of Old World monkeys from the great ape lineage, by intra- and interchromosome duplications of the ancestral TPTE gene mapping to phylogenetic chromosome XIII [5].

References

The TPTE gene family: cellular expression, subcellular localization and alternative splicing. Tapparel, C., Reymond, A., Girardet, C., Guillou, L., Lyle, R., Lamon, C., Hutter, P., Antonarakis, S.E. Gene (2003) [Pubmed]
Identification of two novel CT antigens and their capacity to elicit antibody response in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Dong, X.Y., Su, Y.R., Qian, X.P., Yang, X.A., Pang, X.W., Wu, H.Y., Chen, W.F. Br. J. Cancer (2003) [Pubmed]
TPIP: a novel phosphoinositide 3-phosphatase. Walker, S.M., Downes, C.P., Leslie, N.R. Biochem. J. (2001) [Pubmed]
The murine orthologue of the Golgi-localized TPTE protein provides clues to the evolutionary history of the human TPTE gene family. Guipponi, M., Tapparel, C., Jousson, O., Scamuffa, N., Mas, C., Rossier, C., Hutter, P., Meda, P., Lyle, R., Reymond, A., Antonarakis, S.E. Hum. Genet. (2001) [Pubmed]
Juxtacentromeric region of human chromosome 21: a boundary between centromeric heterochromatin and euchromatic chromosome arms. Brun, M.E., Ruault, M., Ventura, M., Roizès, G., De Sario, A. Gene (2003) [Pubmed]

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