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Gene Review

ECs3646  -  hybrid sensory histidine kinase BarA

Escherichia coli O157:H7 str. Sakai

 
 
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Disease relevance of ECs3646

  • In this study, we report that UvrY is the cognate response regulator for BarA of Escherichia coli [1].
  • The gene fragment was initially cloned by PCR with primers designed from two highly conserved regions of Streptomyces autoregulator receptors (BarA, FarA, ScbR, and ArpA), followed by genomic Southern hybridization yielding a 7-kb BamHI fragment on which a 654-bp receptor gene (ksbA) was identified [2].
  • Two vectors were constructed: one was an effector plasmid, in which BarA was driven by plant promoters, and the other was a reporter plasmid, in which the BARE sequence was incorporated into the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter to express the Escherichia coli beta-glucuronidase gene (GUS) [3].
 

High impact information on ECs3646

  • This newly identified histidine in ArcB and BarA was demonstrated to play a crucial role in the observed multicopy suppression [4].
  • Operon lacZ fusion expression studies and Northern analyses indicate that BarA itself is maximally expressed in early exponential phase cultures immediately preceding the transcriptional induction of RpoS [5].
  • This class of bacterial sensory kinases, typified by ArcB and BarA, possesses two phospho-donor (His) sites, together with a phospho-accepting (Asp) site [6].
  • The BarA protein in isolated membranes was demonstrated in vitro to undergo phosphorylation in the presence of ATP [7].
  • This was aided by the demonstrated ability to activate the UvrY regulator with acetyl phosphate independently of the BarA sensor [8].
 

Biological context of ECs3646

  • Genetic and functional characterization of the Escherichia coli BarA-UvrY two-component system: point mutations in the HAMP linker of the BarA sensor give a dominant-negative phenotype [8].
  • Mutations affecting the BarA/UvrY two-component signal transduction system decreased csrB transcription but did not affect csrA'-'lacZ expression [9].
  • The results demonstrate that BarA plays a global response regulatory role in cell division, carbon metabolism, iron metabolism and pili formation [10].
 

Anatomical context of ECs3646

 

Associations of ECs3646 with chemical compounds

  • FarA showed high overall homology to BarA (virginiae butanolide receptor from S. virginiae) and ArpA (A-factor receptor from S. griseus) [11].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ECs3646

  • These findings suggest that this unique feature of ArcB and BarA, in terms of the signaling modules, make it possible for these sensory kinases to function as dual-signaling transducers [4].
  • A preliminary genomic approach to identify downstream genes regulated by the BarA signaling pathway, using DNA microarray, is reported [10].

References

  1. Identification of UvrY as the cognate response regulator for the BarA sensor kinase in Escherichia coli. Pernestig, A.K., Melefors, O., Georgellis, D. J. Biol. Chem. (2001) [Pubmed]
  2. Cloning and functional analysis by gene disruption of a gene encoding a gamma-butyrolactone autoregulator receptor from Kitasatospora setae. Choi, S.U., Lee, C.K., Hwang, Y.I., Kinoshita, H., Nihira, T. J. Bacteriol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  3. Streptomyces-derived induction system for gene expression in cultured plant cells. Shindo, T., Takahashi, T., Nihira, T., Yamada, Y., Kato, K., Shinmyo, A. J. Biosci. Bioeng. (2006) [Pubmed]
  4. A novel device of bacterial signal transducers. Ishige, K., Nagasawa, S., Tokishita, S., Mizuno, T. EMBO J. (1994) [Pubmed]
  5. Transcriptional induction of the conserved alternative sigma factor RpoS in Escherichia coli is dependent on BarA, a probable two-component regulator. Mukhopadhyay, S., Audia, J.P., Roy, R.N., Schellhorn, H.E. Mol. Microbiol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  6. Phosphotransfer circuitry of the putative multi-signal transducer, ArcB, of Escherichia coli: in vitro studies with mutants. Tsuzuki, M., Ishige, K., Mizuno, T. Mol. Microbiol. (1995) [Pubmed]
  7. A novel sensor-regulator protein that belongs to the homologous family of signal-transduction proteins involved in adaptive responses in Escherichia coli. Nagasawa, S., Tokishita, S., Aiba, H., Mizuno, T. Mol. Microbiol. (1992) [Pubmed]
  8. Genetic and functional characterization of the Escherichia coli BarA-UvrY two-component system: point mutations in the HAMP linker of the BarA sensor give a dominant-negative phenotype. Tomenius, H., Pernestig, A.K., Méndez-Catalá, C.F., Georgellis, D., Normark, S., Melefors, O. J. Bacteriol. (2005) [Pubmed]
  9. Regulatory circuitry of the CsrA/CsrB and BarA/UvrY systems of Escherichia coli. Suzuki, K., Wang, X., Weilbacher, T., Pernestig, A.K., Melefors, O., Georgellis, D., Babitzke, P., Romeo, T. J. Bacteriol. (2002) [Pubmed]
  10. The bacterial adaptive response gene, barA, encodes a novel conserved histidine kinase regulatory switch for adaptation and modulation of metabolism in Escherichia coli. Sahu, S.N., Acharya, S., Tuminaro, H., Patel, I., Dudley, K., LeClerc, J.E., Cebula, T.A., Mukhopadhyay, S. Mol. Cell. Biochem. (2003) [Pubmed]
  11. Cloning and characterization of the gene (farA) encoding the receptor for an extracellular regulatory factor (IM-2) from Streptomyces sp. strain FRI-5. Waki, M., Nihira, T., Yamada, Y. J. Bacteriol. (1997) [Pubmed]
 
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