Disease relevance of omega-Aminoaldehyde

• Identification of Escherichia coli K12 YdcW protein as a gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase [1].
• When 100 microM gamma-aminobutyraldehyde was used as a substrate, the specific activity in the normal controls and prostates with benign prostatic hyperplasia was 19.80 +/- 1.33 and 2.95 +/- 2.46 nmol/g prostate per min, respectively [2].

High impact information on omega-Aminoaldehyde

• The Km value for gamma-aminobutyraldehyde is 8.0-14.0 microM versus 760 microM for E1 and 512 microM for E2 [3].
• DAO is known to react with putrescine to generate labile 4-aminobutyraldehyde [4].
• Enzyme purification and characterization, cDNA cloning and Northern blot analysis were the techniques utilized during this investigation to determine the identity and occurrence of the aldehyde dehydrogenase that metabolizes gamma-aminobutyraldehyde in adult human brain [5].
• An enzyme which catalyses dehydrogenation of gamma-aminobutyraldehyde (ABAL) to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was purified to homogeneity from rat brain tissues by using DEAE-cellulose and affinity chromatography on 5'-AMP-Sepharose, phosphocellulose and Blue Agarose, followed by gel filtration [6].
• Distribution of activity converting 4-aminobutyraldehyde to gamma-aminobutyric acid in subcellular fractions of mouse brain [7].

Biological context of omega-Aminoaldehyde

• Oxidative deamination of putrescine, the precursor of polyamines, gives rise to gamma-aminobutyraldehyde (ABAL) [8].
• Human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase (E3 isozyme), with wide substrate specificity and low Km for 4-aminobutyraldehyde, was only recently characterized [Kurys, G., Ambroziak, W. & Pietruszko, R. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 4715-4721] and in this study we report on its primary structure [9].

Anatomical context of omega-Aminoaldehyde

• Aldehyde dehydrogenase from rat intestinal mucosa: purification and characterization of an isozyme with high affinity for gamma-aminobutyraldehyde [10].

Associations of omega-Aminoaldehyde with other chemical compounds

• Imidazoleacetaldehyde and gamma-aminobutyraldehyde, metabolites of histamine and putrescine, respectively, have been shown to be substrates of human liver aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) cytoplasmic (E1) and mitochondrial (E2) isozymes [11].
• Analysis of dilute aqueous solutions of delta 1-pyrroline by proton nuclear magnetic resonance indicated the the predominating species in the liver incubation preparations was delta 1-pyrroline monomer, although other species, such as 4-aminobutyraldehyde an delta 1-pyrroline timer, may exist in equilibrium with the monomer [12].
• 4. The rat isozyme was insensitive to disulfiram (40 microM) and to magnesium (160 microM) and had Km values of 5 microM (pH 7.4) for gamma-aminobutyraldehyde, 7.5 microM (pH 9.0) for propionaldehyde and 4 microM (pH 7.4) for NAD [13].

Gene context of omega-Aminoaldehyde

• The cDNA and the gene (ALDH9) for a human aldehyde dehydrogenase isozyme, which has a high activity for oxidation of gamma-aminobutyraldehyde and other amino aldehydes, were cloned and characterized [14].
• To study the presence of diamine oxidase (DAO) activity in any tissue with putrescine as the substrate, it is necessary to use inhibitors to block all pathways that could further metabolize gamma-aminobutyraldehyde, which is the product of enzyme reaction [15].
• While most GABA is generated by glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), an alternative synthetic pathway is known to originate from putrescine, which is converted via gamma-aminobutyraldehyde in an aldehyde-dehydrogenase-requiring step to GABA [16].
• DAO is an important regulator of intracellular concentration of polyamines because it catalyzes the degradation of putrescine into gamma-aminobutyraldehyde [17].

References