Disease relevance of Subcellular Fractions

• Nucleic acids from subcellular fractions of N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatoma in mice [1].
• Oxidation of side chain of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-triol was studied in a patient with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) and in control subjects, using various subcellular fractions of liver homogenate and a method based on isotope dilution-mass spectrometry [2].
• Proteolytic enzymes in tumor metastasis. II. Collagenase type IV activity in subcellular fractions of cloned tumor cell populations [3].
• The NADPH-dependent O2-.-generating oxidase in subcellular fractions from the neutrophils of three male patients with chronic granulomatous disease was compared with the corresponding preparations from normal neutrophils [4].
• In both species pancreatic edema and hyperamylasemia are noted, and the lysosomal hydrolase cathepsin B is redistributed from the lysosome-enriched to the zymogen granule-enriched subcellular fraction [5].

Psychiatry related information on Subcellular Fractions

• We identified mRNA for the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) in these processes by use of synaptic subcellular fractions, termed synaptoneurosomes [6].
• Concentrations of 13 trace elements (Ag, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Hg, K, Na, Rb, Sc, Se, Zn) in isolated subcellular fractions (whole brain, nuclei, mitochondria, microsomes) of temporal lobe from autopsied Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and normal controls were determined utilizing instrumental neutron activation analysis [7].

High impact information on Subcellular Fractions

• Two lines of independently derived PrPC gene-ablated (Prnp0/0) mice exhibit severe reductions in the copper content of membrane-enriched brain extracts and similar reductions in synaptosomal and endosome-enriched subcellular fractions [8].
• Early data showed that styrene oxide hydrolase activity was associate with the microsomal subcellular fraction [9].
• The protein binds to a particulate fraction derived from the islets and stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in this subcellular fraction, both phenomena being activated by ionized calcium [10].
• Biogenesis of erythropoietin: evidence for pro-erythropoietin in a subcellular fraction of kidney [11].
• The calculated apparent Km for NADPH was equivalent in the two fractions, but the Vmax was increased 2.5-fold in the subcellular fraction from LPS-pretreated cells [12].

Chemical compound and disease context of Subcellular Fractions

• The subcellular fractions of hepatoma differed from those of liver: 5'-Nucleotidase activity was elevated in ER and mitochondria, cytosol RNA was increased, and cholesterol was elevated in all hepatoma subcellular fractions [13].
• The oleate-to-vaccenate ratio in FFA of liver subcellular fractions exhibited some specificity, but not that of hepatoma subcellular fractions [13].
• Generally, the fatty acid profiles of FFA, TG, and sterol esters from hepatoma subcellular fractions were more uniform and showed less organelle specificity than did liver [13].
• Hepatoma FFA and TG contained lower percentages of palmitate and higher percentages of stearate in all subcellular fractions than did liver [13].
• Protein kinase C activity and the profile of protein kinase C isozymes alpha, beta, and gamma were examined in subcellular fractions of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced colonic adenocarcinomas, surrounding uninvolved colonic mucosa and colonic mucosa from age matched control rats [14].

Biological context of Subcellular Fractions

• However, subcellular fractions from CGD PMN plus SDS expressed little NADPH oxidase activity, and phosphorylation of a 48-kD protein(s) was selectively defective [15].
• We have isolated a subcellular fraction of small vesicles (mean diameter, 300 nm) from frog photoreceptors, that accumulate newly synthesized rhodopsin with kinetics paralleling its appearance in post-Golgi membranes in vivo [16].
• In U937 monocyte cells, PI3K p85 regulatory and p110beta catalytic subunits were localized to lipid bodies by immunocytochemistry and/or immunoblotting and enzyme assays of subcellular fractions [17].
• Significant epoxide hydrolysis was observed in microsomal and cytosolic subcellular fractions assayed with cis- and trans-stilbene oxide, benzo(a)pyrene-4,5-oxide, and cholesterol epoxide [18].
• Epoxide hydrase was more important relative to the glutathione S-transferases in the biotransformation of this oxide by the intact organ than was indicated by the results from earlier studies with subcellular fractions [19].

Anatomical context of Subcellular Fractions

• The antibodies were used in Western blot analysis of subcellular fractions of purified neutrophils to confirm that the distribution of cytochrome b spectral absorbance matched that of the two subunits [20].
• These results are consistent with the finding that among several subcellular fractions, CBP35 can be found by immunoblotting procedures in the nuclear pellet, the soluble fraction, and the plasma membrane fraction of the postnuclear supernatant [21].
• Analytical study of microsomes and isolated subcellular membranes from rat liver. V. Immunological localization of cytochrome b5 by electron microscopy: methodology and application to various subcellular fractions [22].
• Direct activation of PKC in an immature intestinal crypt cell line was shown to result in growth inhibition and coincident translocation of PKC alpha from the cytosolic to the particulate subcellular fraction, paralleling observations made in situ and providing further support for a role of intestinal PKC isozymes in post-mitotic events [23].
• In subcellular fractions of RSV-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts (RSV-CEFs) and field vole cells probed with TBR serum, the majority of the pp60v-src was associated with the plasma membrane-enriched P100 fraction [24].

Associations of Subcellular Fractions with chemical compounds

• Further, immunoblot analyses of hepatic subcellular fractions from ethanol-damaged livers indicate a dramatic reduction in the association of rab2 with a Golgi compartment as compared with controls [25].
• In subcellular fractions from heart, [3H]ryanodine binding was decreased in doxorubicin-treated rabbits (0.33 +/- 0.03 pmol/mg) compared with control rabbits (0.66 +/- 0.02 pmol/mg; P < 0.0001) [26].
• The concentration-dependent effects of propranolol on FMLP-induced NADPH oxidase activation was confirmed by direct assay of the enzyme in subcellular fractions [27].
• Mutagenic activation of N-2-fluorenylacetamide and N-hydroxy-N-2-fluorenylacetamide in subcellular fractions from X/Gf mice [28].
• Subcellular fractions were prepared from compactin-treated cells, and the location of the compactin-sensitive factor was determined by complementation analysis in a cell-free NADPH oxidase system [29].

Gene context of Subcellular Fractions

• Analysis of subcellular fractions indicates that Nop2p is located primarily in the nucleus, and nuclear fractionation studies suggest that Nop2p is associated with the nucleolus [30].
• Immunoblotting of subcellular fractions suggests that the CYC2 gene product is a mitochondrial protein [31].
• Western blot analysis of subcellular fractions indicated enrichment of A2BP1 in the same fractions as ataxin-2 [32].
• The phospholipase C (PLC)-beta isozymes differ from the PLC-gamma and PLC-delta isozymes in that they possess a long COOH-terminal sequence downstream of their catalytic domain, are activated by alpha subunits of the Gq class of G proteins, associate with the particulate subcellular fraction, and are present in the nucleus [33].
• Analysis of subcellular fractions revealed that squalene epoxidase was present in the microsomal fraction (30,000 x g) and also cofractionated with lipid particles [34].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Subcellular Fractions

• Nevertheless, differential centrifugation experiments indicated that the two antigens may be recovered in distinct subcellular fractions: this may be related to the unexpected observation that rather low salt concentrations strip the antigens from microsomal fraction [35].
• Immunoprecipitation from subcellular fractions yields only p110 and p95 from purified nuclei, whereas the approximately 55-kD protein is immunoprecipitated from the soluble fraction [36].
• The metabolism of big endothelin 1 (bET) and endothelin 1 (ET-1) by subcellular fractions from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was investigated by bioassay and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography [37].
• Ultracentrifugation of homogenates through 27% sucrose cushions yielded three subcellular fractions: supernatant, small membrane vesicles, and a particulate fraction for controls; and supernatant membrane vesicles, and aggregated membrane "ghosts" for thrombin preparations [38].
• Granule localization of IL-6 was confirmed using dot-blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on subcellular fractions of highly purified eosinophils produced from density centrifugation across a 0% to 45% Nycodenz gradient [39].

References