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Chemical Compound Review:

glucosamine (2S,5R)-3-amino-6- (hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,4...

Synonyms: Glucosamina, chitosamine, Glucosaminum, Viartril-S, D-glucosamine, ...

Klintman, D. et al., Jaeschke, H. et al., Sakata, T. et al., Boulis, Y. et al., Xiang, L. et al., et al.

Steven C. Vlad, Michael P. LaValley, Timothy E. McAlindon, David T. Felson,

Welcome! If you are familiar with the subject of this article, you can contribute to this open access knowledge base by deleting incorrect information, restructuring or completely rewriting any text. Read more.

Disease relevance of GALACTOSAMINE

All animals died 8-12 h after Gal/ET treatment from shock and liver failure [1].

High impact information on GALACTOSAMINE

D-Glucosamine (GlcN), N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and 2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol (2,5-AM) were infused into the rat third cerebroventricle (icv) to compare their effects on food intake [2].
Pretreatment with an anti-CD18 antibody decreased TNF-alpha/Gal-induced rolling and firm adhesion by 25 and 90%, respectively [3].
CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that TNF-alpha/Gal-induced leukocyte rolling is selectin-mediated and a precondition for CD18-dependent firm adhesion in hepatic venules [3].
METHODS: Intravital fluorescence microscopy of the hepatic microcirculation was used to quantify leukocyte-endothelium interactions provoked by 24 h of systemic TNF-alpha/Gal challenge in rats [3].
A dose of 10 or 1 mg/kg of CV1013 administered three times (3, 4.5, and 5.5 h after Gal/ET) effectively prevented caspase-3 activation and parenchymal cell apoptosis at 6 h as well as the subsequent neutrophil-induced aggravation of the injury at 7 h after Gal/ET treatment [1].

Anatomical context of GALACTOSAMINE

Notably, when administered prior to TNF-alpha/Gal, fucoidan attenuated both leukocyte rolling and adhesion, by 57 and 69%, respectively [3].

Associations of GALACTOSAMINE with other chemical compounds

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was designed to examine the role of selectins and CD18 in leukocyte recruitment in hepatic injury induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and galactosamine (Gal) in vivo [3].
RESULTS: When administered after 24 h of TNF-alpha/Gal challenge, fucoidan, a selectin-function inhibitor, reduced leukocyte rolling by 69%, whereas firm adhesion was unaltered [3].
The effect size was 0.06 for trials using glucosamine hydrochloride and 0.44 for trials using glucosamine sulfate [4].

Gene context of GALACTOSAMINE

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice were treated with allopurinol prior to challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + D-Galactosamine (Gal) [5].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of GALACTOSAMINE

After separation and peak collection, the number of modifications with N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) could be determined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry [6].

References

Protection against TNF-induced liver parenchymal cell apoptosis during endotoxemia by a novel caspase inhibitor in mice. Jaeschke, H., Farhood, A., Cai, S.X., Tseng, B.Y., Bajt, M.L. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. (2000) [Pubmed]
Feeding modulation by pentose and hexose analogues. Sakata, T., Kurokawa, M. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. (1992) [Pubmed]
Leukocyte recruitment in hepatic injury: selectin-mediated leukocyte rolling is a prerequisite for CD18-dependent firm adhesion. Klintman, D., Schramm, R., Menger, M.D., Thorlacius, H. J. Hepatol. (2002) [Pubmed]
Glucosamine for pain in osteoarthritis: why do trial results differ? Vlad, S.C., LaValley, M.P., McAlindon, T.E., Felson, D.T. Arthritis Rheum. (2007) [Pubmed]
Allopurinol inhibits CXC chemokine expression and leukocyte adhesion in endotoxemic liver injury. Xiang, L., Klintman, D., Thorlacius, H. Inflamm. Res. (2003) [Pubmed]
Improved capillary electrophoretic separation of glycosylated oligopeptides through addition of poly(vinyl alcohol), and analysis by electrospray mass spectrometry. Boulis, Y., Richet, C., Haupt, K., Hennebicq, S., Soudan, B., Tetaert, D., Degand, P., Vijayalakshmi, M.A. Journal of chromatography. A. (1998) [Pubmed]

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