Disease relevance of Dithane

• The results demonstrate that neither Dithane M-45 nor Baygon could induce a significant (P > 0.05) increase in the number of chromosomal aberrations in the germ cells or in the percentage of micronuclei in erythrocytes [1].
• One-third of the rats given 379 mg Dithane/kg body weight died, and doses of greater than or equal to 169 mg/kg decreased the growth of the rats as well as the nutrient utilization [2].
• Histological examination of the thyroids showed dose-dependent hyperplasia in rats treated with Dithane [2].
• One-generation reproduction toxicity study of Dithane M-45 (mancozeb) and lead acetate [3].
• The interaction of the fungicide Dithane M-45 (active ingredient mancozeb), with Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain not sensitive to the compound, was studied [4].

High impact information on Dithane

• The relative weights of the liver and thyroid were significantly increased in rats given greater than or equal to 75 mg Dithane/kg body weight, and those of the kidneys, adrenals and testes were significantly increased in the two highest dose groups [2].
• The administration of Dithane in a dose in accordance with 20% of the LD50 value (3125 mg/kg b.m.) proved to be more toxic than expected and caused the death of the animals [5].
• Environmental pollution of metal modelled by copper-sulphate and a 80% mancozeb containing fungicide formulation (Dithane M-45) were studied on chicken embryos after administration as a single compounds or in combination [6].
• We evaluated the effects of mancozeb (Dithane M4-5), a protective carbamate fungicide, on transplacental carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice [7].
• Both in vitro polygalacturonase and Cx-cellulase of the pathogen were inhibited by the Iprodione and Benomyl unlike Dithane M45 and Cupravit [8].

Biological context of Dithane

• The chromosomal aberrations observed in the bone marrow cells of male mice after treatment with dithane M-45 were fragments, rings, dicentric chromosomes, terminal chromatid deletions, chromatid gaps and breaks [9].

Anatomical context of Dithane

• Genotoxic effects of dithane M-45 on the bone marrow cells of mice in vivo [9].

Gene context of Dithane

• Genotoxic effects of dithane M-45 were studied on the bone marrow cells of male albino mice (Lacca strain) in vivo [9].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dithane

• Patch testing showed strong allergic patch test reactions to 2 of the commercially available preparations used (Dithane Ultra and Polyram WG) [10].
• Three treatment and a control groups were applied, 4,500 mg/kg Dithane M-45 was administered in all the dose levels simultaneously in diet [11].

References