High impact information on DIACYL GLYCEROL

• DAG activates protein kinase C, and InsP3 mobilizes calcium from intracellular stores via the InsP3 receptor [1].
• We show that Nt PLC3 is targeted by its EF and C2 domains to the plasma membrane laterally at the pollen tube tip and that it maintains, together with endocytic membrane recycling, an apical domain enriched in PI 4,5-P(2) and DAG required for polar cell growth [2].
• U-73122 at low micromolar concentrations inhibited and partially depolarized pollen tube growth, caused PI 4,5-P(2) spreading at the apex, and abolished DAG membrane accumulation [2].
• In the chemotactic assay, phosphatidic acid and lysophosphatidic acid induced a complete homologous desensitization and only partially cross-desensitized one with each other, or with diacyl-glycerol and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 [3].
• We therefore propose that VEGF acutely acts to increase L(p) through the direct actions of DAG, independently of PKC or arachidonic acid [4].

Biological context of DIACYL GLYCEROL

• 6. These data suggest that VEGF acutely increases microvascular permeability in vivo through a mechanism that is dependent on PLC stimulation, but is independent of PKC or MEK activation or production of arachidonic acid from DAG [4].
• The specific activity of the diacyl-glycerol-dependent, dithiothreitol-sensitive cholinephosphotransferase that catalyzes the final step in phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis was not altered during late gestation in either fetal lung or kidney [5].
• Rates of syntheses of monoacyl- and diacyl-glycerol 3-P (phosphate) were determined in the mitochondrial and microsomal fractions prepared from hearts of rats and rabbits, to compare characteristics of the acylation reactions by the two subcellular fractions [6].

Anatomical context of DIACYL GLYCEROL

• This level of superoxide can be greatly increased in neutrophils pretreated for 30 min with 10 microM of the diacyl-glycerol kinase inhibitor R59022 [7].
• In some invertebrate photoreceptors, excitation is mediated by release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores by InsP(3); however, in Drosophila melanogaster, recent evidence suggests instead that a lipid messenger, such as DAG, its metabolites and/or the reduction in PIP(2) levels, may mediate excitation [8].
• Therefore, the monoacylglycerol 3-P formation was less than 10% of the diacylglycerol 3-P formation in the assay containing no albumin and with the rat subcellular fractions, whereas nearly four times more monoacyl- than diacyl-glycerol 3-P was synthesized in the presence of 20 mg albumin [6].

Associations of DIACYL GLYCEROL with other chemical compounds

• We suggest that the 17-kDa antigen is indeed GPI anchored and that the anchor contains an acylated inositol and either a lyso-acyl- or a diacyl-glycerol [9].

Gene context of DIACYL GLYCEROL

• The binding of endogenous diacyl glycerol (DAG) to the cysteine-rich domain (CRD) of PKC is associated with normal cell signaling and function [10].
• Because DAG formed by action of PC-PLC can activate protein kinase C (PKC), involvement of PKC was investigated [11].
• The eicosanoid lipid precursors diacyl-glycerol and phosphatidic acid are formed by phospholipase D in neutrophils [12].

References