Disease relevance of NSC 17197

• The reaction of intracellular glutathione with benzene oxide-oxepin, the initial metabolite of benzene, is presumed to give 1-(S-glutathionyl)-cyclohexa-3,5-dien-2-ol, which undergoes dehydration to S-phenylglutathione, the precursor of S-phenylmercapturic acid [1].

High impact information on NSC 17197

• The role of genetic polymorphism in modulating urinary excretion of two benzene metabolites, i.e. trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) and S-phenylmercapturic acid (PMA), has been investigated in 59 non-smoking city bus drivers, professionally exposed to benzene via vehicle exhausts [2].
• Determination of S-phenylmercapturic acid in the urine--an improvement in the biological monitoring of benzene exposure [3].
• The pathway leading to S-phenylmercapturic acid is necessarily minor on account of the low efficiency of benzene oxide capture by glutathione at pH 7 vs spontaneous rearrangement to phenol [1].
• An electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry based system with an online dual-loop cleanup device for simultaneous quantitation of urinary benzene exposure biomarkers trans,trans-muconic acid and S-phenylmercapturic acid [4].
• A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for measurement of the main urinary metabolites of benzene, namely, phenol, catechol, hydroquinone, 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene (trihydroxybenzene), t,t-muconic acid (muconic acid), and S-phenylmercapturic acid (phenylmercapturic acid), is reported [5].

Biological context of NSC 17197

• An immunoassay that quantifies urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid (PMA), a benzenespecific biomarker, has been developed and its potential usefulness as a screening tool for monitoring occupational exposure to benzene has been demonstrated [6].
• An assay was developed with strong recognition for mercapturates including S-benzylmercapturic acid (IC50 = 0.018 micromol/L), S-n-hexylmercapturic acid (IC50 = 0.021 micromol/L), S-phenylmercapturic acid (IC50 = 0.024 micromol/L), and S-cyclohexylmethylmercapturic acid (IC50 = 0.042 micromol/L) [7].
• In this report we investigated correlation of urinary benzene metabolites, S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) and trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) with personal exposure levels on the day of urine collection and studied the effect of dose on the biotransformation of benzene to these key metabolites [8].

Associations of NSC 17197 with other chemical compounds

• The urinary benzene-specific biomarker, S-phenylmercapturic acid (PMA), was quantified in post-shift samples using a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and expressed as a function of urinary creatinine concentration [9].

Gene context of NSC 17197

• BACKGROUND: Urinary biological monitoring for benzene (by measuring benzene metabolites) in coke oven by-product workers produced the unexpected result that 2 out of 10 employees had significantly raised urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) [10].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of NSC 17197

• Sensitive determination of the benzene metabolite S-phenylmercapturic acid in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection [11].
• Determination of S-phenylmercapturic acid by GC-MS and ELISA: a comparison of the two methods [12].
• An HPLC method for the determination of S-phenyl-N-acetylcysteine in urine is described [13].
• Development and validation of a competitive immunoassay for urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid and its application in benzene biological monitoring [6].
• The use of S-phenylmercapturic acid as a biomarker in molecular epidemiology studies of benzene [14].

References