Disease relevance of erm

• A restriction map of pLUL631 was constructed and the location of the erm gene on the plasmid was identified by cloning in Escherichia coli [1].
• The erm gene from L. reuteri was shown to be related to the erm gene from pIP501 (Streptococcus agalactiae) by DNA-DNA hybridization [1].
• High prevalence of inducible erythromycin resistance among Streptococcus bovis isolates in Taiwan [2].
• Heat shock treatment increases the frequency of loss of an erythromycin resistance-encoding transposable element from the chromosome of Lactobacillus crispatus CHCC3692 [3].
• The broad-host-range plasmid pAM beta 1 (erythromycin resistance) was transferred conjugally from Streptococcus lactis to Lactobacillus reuteri, L. murinus, and L. fermentum [4].

High impact information on erm

• Primers were used to PCR amplify genes involved in beta-lactam antibiotic, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and erythromycin resistance [5].
• Transformants of TM1-1 created by using these vectors were selected for thymidine autotrophy as efficiently as for erythromycin resistance [6].
• This vector is composed of a pBluescript SK- replicon for propagation in Escherichia coli and an erythromycin resistance marker [7].
• DNA from the Emr transconjugants transformed into Escherichia coli MC1061 yielded a resolution plasmid with the same size as that of pSA3 with a 1.5-kb insertion [8].
• L. johnsonii NCK61, a high-frequency conjugal donor of bacteriocin production (Laf+) and immunity (Lafr), was transformed to erythromycin resistance (Emr) with the shuttle vector pSA3 [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of erm

• Vector plasmids were constructed by ligating chloramphenicol and erythromycin resistance genes to TaqI-digested DNA of a cryptic plasmid from Lactobacillus plantarum [9].
• A cloning vector for lactic acid bacteria was developed on the basis of the pC7 replicon, into which were inserted an erythromycin resistance gene as a marker, multiple cloning sites, and Escherichia coli ColE1 replication origin [10].

Biological context of erm

• Furthermore, region III shows a 91% nucleotide sequence identity to an erm-vat linkage of E. faecium [11].
• By using a Streptococcus lactis-E. coli shuttle vector, the erm gene was also transformed to S. lactis and expressed [1].
• These structural erm genes, 753 and 750 bp in length, respectively, were highly related (ca. 98% nucleotide sequence and ca. 97% amino acid sequence identity) to the erm gene of L. fermentum plasmid pLEM3 [12].
• Nucleotide sequences of the genetic determinants encoding Em(r) on pTE80 and pTE15 revealed the existence of a very similar (ca. 99% nucleotide sequence and ca. 98% amino acid sequence identity) open reading frame for an Em(r) transmethylase gene (erm) in both plasmids [12].
• Cloning of erythromycin-resistance determinants and replication origins from indigenous plasmids of Lactobacillus reuteri for potential use in construction of cloning vectors [12].

Associations of erm with chemical compounds

• The erythromycin (erm) gene was located on a 5.5-MDa plasmid in the fourth strain [1].
• Plasmid curing with acriflavine resulted in a loss of erythromycin resistance in a frequency of 1-10% [1].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of erm

• Sequence analysis showed that these two erm genes from pTE80 and pTE15 could be categorized under the ermB (ermAM) class [12].
• The 59 isolates carrying a tet, erm, or blaZ gene were taken through molecular identification, analyzed by determination of the MIC, and subjected to genetic fingerprinting [13].
• Detection of erythromycin resistance genes by PCR and sequencing indicated that all 17 cMLS isolates were positive for the ermB gene and that 7 of 21 iMLS isolates carried the ermB gene and the remaining 14 iMLS isolates carried the ermT gene [2].
• Shuttle vectors based on the pLP1 replicon were constructed by inserting the erythromycin-resistance gene from pVA891 into the various pUC19-pLP1 constructions. pLP1-based shuttle vector transformation efficiencies (TE) by electroporation were compared to TE of a broad-host-range plasmid pGK12 in different lactobacilli strains [14].

References