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Gene Review:

Tw - twirler

Mus musculus

This record was replaced with 21417.

Gong, S.G. et al., Ting, C.N. et al., Liu, H. et al., Lane, P.W. et al., Gong, S.G. et al., et al.

Gong, Eulenberg, Gong, White, Sakasegawa, Gong,

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Disease relevance of Tw

The Twirler mouse, a model for the study of cleft lip and palate [1].

High impact information on Tw

Homozygosity for the transgene results in prenatal lethality, but compound heterozygotes carrying the Tw allele and the transgene are viable [2].
This insertional mutant will provide molecular access to genes located in the Twirler region of mouse chromosome 18 [2].
The phenotype and the mapping data suggest that the transgene may be inserted at the Twirler locus [2].
The most proximal cosmid contig overlaps with markers near twirler (Tw) [3].
We characterized the defects in the nasal cavity and olfactory nervous supply of Twirler (Tw) mice by histological and immunohistochemical means [4].

Biological context of Tw

Tw homozygotes have previously been shown to present with midfacial abnormalities in the form of clefts of the lip and palate (Lyon, 1958; Gong et al., 2000) [4].
Evidence is presented that places LG XV on chromosome 18 and shows that the centromere is at the Tw end of the chromosome [5].
Recombination of shimld with twirler (Tw), a marker near the centromere, is 45.7 +/- 4.9% [6].
In Tw homozygotes at 14.5 days of embryonic development, the presence of many mature ORN found randomly in the mesenchyme suggests the loss of olfactory pathfinding cues to the OB [4].

Anatomical context of Tw

We found that in the Tw homozygotes, the OB was abnormally shaped, the skeletal framework underlying the OB was disrupted, and the morphology of the nasal cavity was altered with poorly defined nasal turbinates [4].
The Twirler mutation arose spontaneously and causes inner ear defects in heterozygous and cleft lip and/or cleft palate in homozygous mutant mice, providing a unique animal model for investigating the molecular mechanisms of inner ear and craniofacial development [7].

Associations of Tw with chemical compounds

OBJECTIVE: The development of the secondary palate of Twirler (Tw) mice was characterized, and a quantitative coronal plane evaluation of the width and length of the craniofacial regions of homozygous mutant embryos was conducted [8].

Other interactions of Tw

Plucked (pk), a recessive hair-type mutation in the mouse, has been assigned to chromosome 18 at a location between Tw and syfp [9].
A striking difference in the olfactory epithelium was the lack of differentiation of the ORN in Tw homozygotes and the reduced axonal input to the OB [4].

References

The Twirler mouse, a model for the study of cleft lip and palate. Gong, S.G., White, N.J., Sakasegawa, A.Y. Arch. Oral Biol. (2000) [Pubmed]
Insertional mutation on mouse chromosome 18 with vestibular and craniofacial abnormalities. Ting, C.N., Kohrman, D., Burgess, D.L., Boyle, A., Altschuler, R.A., Gholizadeh, G., Samuelson, L.C., Jang, W., Meisler, M.H. Genetics (1994) [Pubmed]
Fine linkage and physical mapping suggests cross-over suppression with a retroposon insertion at the npc1 mutation. Hsu, S.J., Erickson, R.P., Zhang, J., Garver, W.S., Heidenreich, R.A. Mamm. Genome (2000) [Pubmed]
Characterization of olfactory nerve abnormalities in Twirler mice. Gong, S.G. Differentiation (2001) [Pubmed]
Chromosome 18 of the house mouse. Lane, P.W., Searle, A.G., Beechey, C.V., Eicher, E. J. Hered. (1981) [Pubmed]
Shiverer gene maps near the distal end of chromosome 18 in the house mouse. Sidman, R.L., Conover, C.S., Carson, J.H. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. (1985) [Pubmed]
Identification and developmental expression analysis of a novel homeobox gene closely linked to the mouse Twirler mutation. Liu, H., Liu, W., Maltby, K.M., Lan, Y., Jiang, R. Gene Expr. Patterns (2006) [Pubmed]
Palatal development in Twirler mice. Gong, S.G., Eulenberg, R.L. The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association. (2001) [Pubmed]
Location of plucked (pk) on chromosome 18 of the mouse. Lane, P.W., Eicher, E.M. J. Hered. (1985) [Pubmed]

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