Disease relevance of GSTO2

• Recently an association of Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 1 (GSTO1) and possibly of GSTO2 with AO was demonstrated for, both, Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) [1].
• In this case control study, 28 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 30 cases of cholangiocarcinoma, 31 cases of colorectal cancer, 30 cases of breast cancer and 98 controls were compared for frequencies of GSTO1 and GSTO2 genotypes [2].
• The frequency of GSTO2 gene polymorphism was analyzed in 20 ovarian cancers, compared with 41 normal individuals [3].

High impact information on GSTO2

• The functions of GSTO1 and GSTO2 are not well understood, but recent data suggest that GSTO1 maybe involved in the post-translational modification of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta [4].
• The strongest GSTO2 expression was in the testis, which also expresses a larger transcript than other tissues [5].
• Expression of GSTO2 mRNA was seen in a range of tissues, including the liver, kidney, skeletal muscle and prostate [5].
• Rabbit reticulocyte lysate degradation studies showed that the GSTO1 Tyr32 and the GSTO2 Tyr130, Ile158, and Asp142/Ile158 variant allozymes were degraded more rapidly than were their respective WT allozymes [6].
• Overexpression of GSTO2 induced apoptosis of L-02 cells detected by Annexin V-PE staining [7].

Biological context of GSTO2

• In order to improve the understanding of the properties of other Omega class members, we screened a human fetal brain cDNA library and obtained the human GSTO2 (glutathione S-transferase Omega 2) cDNA [7].
• Both GSTO1 and GSTO2 are composed of six exons and are separated by 7.5 kb on chromosome 10q24 [5].
• GSTO2 has 64% amino acid identity with GSTO1 and conserves the cysteine residue at position 32, which is thought to be important in the active site of GSTO1 [5].
• We identified 31 and 66 polymorphisms in GSTO1 and GSTO2, respectively, with four nonsynonymous-coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (cSNPs) in each gene [6].
• Glutathione S-transferase omega 1 and omega 2 (GSTO1 and GSTO2) catalyze monomethyl arsenate reduction, the rate-limiting reaction in arsenic biotransformation [6].

Anatomical context of GSTO2

• Expression pattern analysis revealed that GSTO2 was ubiquitously expressed at a low level, with a higher expression in pancreas and prostate [7].
• Subcellular localization analysis of GSTO2-EGFP fusion protein revealed that GSTO2 distributed to cytoplasm of COS-7 cells and both cytoplasm and nucleus of L-02, QGY-7703 and SMMC-7721 cells [7].
• GSTO2 is expressed predominantly in the testis, although moderate levels of expression are seen in other tissues [8].

Associations of GSTO2 with chemical compounds

• Glutathione S-transferase, omega-1 (GSTO1) and the adjacent gene GSTO2, located in this linkage region, were then reported to associate with AAO of AD and PD [9].

Other interactions of GSTO2

• But different from GSTO1-1, GSTO2 exhibits a high catalytic activity with CDNB [7].
• METHODS: We have genotyped the polymorphisms rs4925 GSTO1 and rs2297235 GSTO2 in 232 patients with HD and 228 controls [1].

References