Disease relevance of ELF2

• In this study, we show that expression of NERF2 was increased under hypoxia and that this increase temporally correlated with the increase in Tie2 expression [1].
• We examined the expression of the ELF subfamily of ETS genes (ELF-1, MEF and NERF) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells using Northern blot analysis [2].

High impact information on ELF2

• NERF2 can bind to the Tie2 promoter Ets sites in electrophoretic mobility shift assays [3].
• These studies support a role for Ets factors in the regulation of vascular-specific gene expression and suggest that the novel Ets factor NERF2 may be a critical transcription factor in specifying the expression of the Tie2 gene in vascular endothelial cells [3].
• Characterization of NERF, a novel transcription factor related to the Ets factor ELF-1 [4].
• Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of NERF with those of other members of the Ets family reveals that the level of homology to ELF-1, which is involved in the regulation of several T- and B-cell-specific genes, is highest [4].
• NERF-2 bound to AML1 via an interaction site located in a basic region upstream of the Ets domain [5].

Biological context of ELF2

• To delineate the differences in function of the different NERF isoforms, we determined that the transactivation domain of NERF-2 is encoded by the N-terminal 100 amino acids, which have been replaced in NERF-1a by a 19-amino acid transcriptionally inactive sequence [5].
• We now report that NERF-2 and NERF-1 physically interact with AML1 (RUNX1), a frequent target for chromosomal translocations in leukemia [5].
• Our results demonstrate that 1 of 3 distinct isoforms of the novel Ets transcription factor NERF, NERF2, is expressed in endothelial cells and can strongly transactivate the regulatory regions of the Tie2 gene in comparison to other Ets factors, which have little or no effect [3].
• Previously, we have shown that NERF2, a member of Ets family of transcription factors that is specifically expressed in endothelial cells, binds to the promoter region of Tie2 and transactivates Tie2 expression [1].
• The direct costs of an outpatient clinic visit in internal medicine (EU211) were seven times greater per patient than for an e-mail consultation (EU32), with a marginal cost decrease of EU179 for every new intranet consultation [6].

Anatomical context of ELF2

• Since NERF and ELF-1 are coexpressed in B and T cells, both might be involved in the regulation of the same genes [4].
• Opposing functions of the Ets factors NERF and ELF-1 during chicken blood vessel development [7].

Regulatory relationships of ELF2

• These novel findings suggest that angiopoietin-1 regulates expression of NERF2 and its own receptor in hypoxic cells [1].

Other interactions of ELF2

• NERF2, a member of the Ets family of transcription factors, is increased in response to hypoxia and angiopoietin-1: a potential mechanism for Tie2 regulation during hypoxia [1].
• ELF-1 and MEF were expressed in all samples, whereas NERF was not [2].
• Importantly, evaluation of the ELF 2 and 6 days after infusion demonstrated increases of alpha 1AT levels (range, 1.4 to 2.1 microM) and antineutrophil elastase capacity (range, 1.6 to 2.5 microM), values within the lower range of normal [8].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ELF2

• Case report: Epidural blood patch in the treatment of abducens palsy after a dural puncture: [Presentation de cas : La peridurale avec sang autologue dans le traitement d'une paralysie du nerf moteur oculaire externe apres une ponction de la dure-mere] [9].

References