Disease relevance of APC

• Swab samples were taken from up to 17 sites for determination of Aerobic Plate Counts at 37 degrees C (APC 37 degrees C) and Escherichia coli enumeration using the Petrifilm procedure [1].
• At regular intervals (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 days of storage at 4 degrees C), the ground beef was analyzed to measure mesophilic aerobic bacteria (APC), coliforms, psychrotrophic bacteria (PCT), and presumptive lactic acid bacteria (PLAB) and compared with the untreated control [2].

High impact information on APC

• Gammadelta T cells formed stable conjugates with pamidronate-pulsed human tumor cells and both conjugate formation and gammadelta T cell activation were inhibited significantly by anti-LFA-1 mAb, suggesting the requirement of LFA-1-mediated interaction with APC for efficient gammadelta T cell activation [3].
• Normal mouse serum proteins (NMS) compete for the processing and presentation of the foreign Ag bovine RNase by APC [4].
• To test this, we compared the ability of NMS to compete for the presentation of RNase when it entered the APC via fluid-phase pinocytosis or through receptor-mediated uptake via the mannose receptor [4].
• In the presence of autologous APC, the clones were also stimulated by a soluble high speed supernatant (HSS), but not by a schizont membrane-enriched, subcellular fraction prepared from homogenates of infected cells [5].
• In fact, bovine WC1(+) gammadelta T cells can act as APC for alphabeta T cells, indicating they may express genes encoding proteins associated with innate immunity [6].

Biological context of APC

• To further delineate the functional defects of bm12 mice in antigen presentation, we analyzed antigen-specific T lymphocyte clones derived from B6 or bm12 for their ability to recognize antigens presented on either B6 or bm12 APC [7].
• A study of the effect of monovalent cations on the steady-state kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of the synthetic substrate N alpha-benzoyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide by activated bovine plasma protein C (APC) has been undertaken [8].
• A radiosensitive APC activity dissociates IL-2 secretion and activation-induced cell death by autoreactive T cell hybridomas [9].

Anatomical context of APC

• The clone suppressed the Ag-induced proliferative responses of CD4+ Th cell clones without detectable cytotoxicity for both APC and responding T cells [10].
• Although a mechanism for these phenomena is not yet clear, we speculate that the cBSA may have a greater affinity for antigen-presenting cells or for the T cell receptor, or that the altered structure may enhance recognition of the molecule by APC and/or helper T cells [11].
• IL-2 production by a non-self reactive hybridoma was unaffected by irradiation of the APC [9].
• Interaction of rHsp70 with the cell surface of bovine APC, presumably via a receptor, was shown on monocytes, monocyte derived macrophages and dendritic cell (DC) [12].

Associations of APC with chemical compounds

• The dissociation constant, Ks, for NPGB to APC, at 7 degrees C, was not altered as [Na+] was increased, yielding a range of values of 18.5 X 10(-5) to 19.9 X 10(-5) M as [Na+] was varied from 12.5 to 62.5 mM [13].
• The interaction of monovalent cations with activated bovine plasma protein C (APC) has been examined by kinetic methods, with H-D-phenylalanylpipecolylarginine-p-nitroanilide (S-2238) being employed as the substrate [14].
• Some physical support for this mechanism was obtained upon the discovery that the binding (dissociation) constant for a competitive inhibitor of APC, p-aminobenzamidine, as determined by kinetic methodology, was independent of the concentration of Na+ and Cs+ [8].
• Pretreatment of the APC with phorbol ester or lipopolysaccharide and IL-4 protected their ability to induce IL-2 secretion after gamma-irradiation [9].

Regulatory relationships of APC

• This sequence is identical to that contained in the tetradecapeptide released from bovine protein C (PC) as a result of its conversion to its activated form (APC), except that Phe13 replaced the normal Pro13, in order to discourage cross-reactivity of antibodies to the carboxylterminal portion of APep with PC [15].

Other interactions of APC

• The antibody pool obtained reacted with PC and showed virtually no cross-reactivity toward either APC or several typical plasma proteins [15].
• The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of blood contamination on the shear bond strength and failure site of 2 orthodontic primers (Transbond XT and Transbond MIP; 3M/Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) when used with adhesive-precoated brackets (APC II brackets; 3M/Unitek) [16].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of APC

• To investigate the mechanism of rHsp70 as a carrier for antigen into the cell, we studied the interaction between APC and Fitc-labelled rHsp70, using FACS analysis and confocal microscopy [12].
• On carcasses processed for export markets, where bacterial counts were obtained, the log10 mean of the APC (aerobic plate count) was 3.13 CFU/cm2, the geometric mean of the coliform count was 19 MPN/cm2, and the geometric mean of Escherichia coli was 13 MPN/cm2 [17].

References