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Gene Review

APOC2  -  apolipoprotein C-II

Bos taurus

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Disease relevance of APOC2

 

High impact information on APOC2

 

Biological context of APOC2

 

Anatomical context of APOC2

 

Associations of APOC2 with chemical compounds

  • Our results show that the apolipoprotein C2 (APOC2) gene is located about 25 kb from the APOE gene [7].
  • The enzyme is activated by apolipoprotein C-II (apolipoprotein-glutamic acid), serum, and by heparin to which it also binds [11].
  • We propose that the apo-C-II-mediated increase in the rate of the lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine is associated with transfer of a fatty acyl chain of the substrate or product to a more hydrophobic environment within the transition state complex [5].
  • ApoCII prevented the inhibition by bis-ANS, and was also able to restore the activity of inhibited LPL in a competitive manner, but only with triacylglycerols with acyl chains longer than three carbons [2].
  • With 0.5 mol % tri[14C]oleoylglycerol present in the dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine vesicles and in the presence of 20 mM Ca2+, the rate of p-nitrophenyl butyrate hydrolysis is decreased reciprocally compared to trioleoylglycerol hydrolysis and is dependent on apolipoprotein C-II [9].
 

Physical interactions of APOC2

 

Enzymatic interactions of APOC2

 

Regulatory relationships of APOC2

 

Other interactions of APOC2

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of APOC2

  • Second, the addition of alpha-crystallin does not lead to the accumulation of intermediate sized apoC-II species between monomer and large aggregates as indicated by gel filtration and sedimentation velocity experiments, suggesting that alpha-crystallin does not inhibit the relatively rapid fibril elongation upon nucleation [3].
  • Intravenous infusion of normal plasma containing apolipoprotein C-II was followed by rapid, complete, but short-lived (5-10 days) clearance of serum triglyceride [15].

References

  1. Isolation and characterization of recombinant human apolipoprotein C-II expressed in Escherichia coli. Wang, C.S., Downs, D., Dashti, A., Jackson, K.W. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (1996) [Pubmed]
  2. 1,1'-bis(anilino)-4-,4'-bis(naphtalene)-8,8'-disulfonate acts as an inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase and competes for binding with apolipoprotein CII. Lookene, A., Zhang, L., Tougu, V., Olivecrona, G. J. Biol. Chem. (2003) [Pubmed]
  3. The molecular chaperone, alpha-crystallin, inhibits amyloid formation by apolipoprotein C-II. Hatters, D.M., Lindner, R.A., Carver, J.A., Howlett, G.J. J. Biol. Chem. (2001) [Pubmed]
  4. Fatty acid ethyl ester-synthesizing activity of lipoprotein lipase from rat postheparin plasma. Tsujita, T., Okuda, H. J. Biol. Chem. (1994) [Pubmed]
  5. Effect of apolipoprotein C-II on the temperature dependence of lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholines. A hydrophobic model for the mechanism. Shinomiya, M., Jackson, R.L., McLean, L.R. J. Biol. Chem. (1984) [Pubmed]
  6. Chain length dependence of phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis catalyzed by lipoprotein lipase. Effect of apolipoprotein C-II. Shinomiya, M., McLean, L.R., Jackson, R.L. J. Biol. Chem. (1983) [Pubmed]
  7. Evolutionary conservation of the apolipoprotein E-C1-C2 gene cluster on bovine chromosome 18q24. Brzozowska, A., Sundvold, H., Lien, S., Rogne, S. Gene (2000) [Pubmed]
  8. Effects of plasma apolipoproteins on lipoprotein lipase-mediated lipolysis of small and large lipid emulsions. Yamamoto, M., Morita, S.Y., Kumon, M., Kawabe, M., Nishitsuji, K., Saito, H., Vertut-Doï, A., Nakano, M., Handa, T. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (2003) [Pubmed]
  9. Reciprocal effect of apolipoprotein C-II on the lipoprotein lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl butyrate and trioleoylglycerol. Shirai, K., Jackson, R.L., Quinn, D.M. J. Biol. Chem. (1982) [Pubmed]
  10. Kinetics of human and bovine milk lipoprotein lipase and the mechanism of enzyme activation by apolipoprotein C-II. Posner, I., Wang, C.S., McConathy, W.J. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B (1985) [Pubmed]
  11. Milk lipoprotein lipases: a review. Jensen, P.G., Pitas, R.E. J. Dairy Sci. (1976) [Pubmed]
  12. Chymotryptic cleavage of lipoprotein lipase. Identification of cleavage sites and functional studies of the truncated molecule. Lookene, A., Bengtsson-Olivecrona, G. Eur. J. Biochem. (1993) [Pubmed]
  13. Lipoprotein lipase catalyzed hydrolysis of water-soluble p-nitrophenyl esters. Inhibition by apolipoprotein C-II. Quinn, D.M., Shirai, K., Jackson, R.L., Harmony, J.A. Biochemistry (1982) [Pubmed]
  14. Activation of lipoprotein lipase by apolipoprotein C-II is modulated by the COOH terminal region of apolipoprotein C-III. Catapano, A.L. Chem. Phys. Lipids (1987) [Pubmed]
  15. Studies of a variant very-low-density lipoprotein with an acquired deficiency of apolipoprotein C-II. Reckless, J.P., Stocks, J., Holdsworth, G., Galton, D.J., Suggett, A.J., Walton, K.W. Clin. Sci. (1982) [Pubmed]
 
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