Disease relevance of Glycerol tributanoate

• The other HDAC inhibitors, phenylbutyrate, tributyrin, and trichostatin A had significant radiosensitizing effects on both melanoma cell lines tested [1].
• Two different representative recombinant clones encoding Aeromonas hydrophila lipases were found upon screening on tributyrin (phospholipase A1) and egg yolk agar (lecithinase-phospholipase C) plates of a cosmid-based genomic library of Aeromonas hydrophila AH-3 (serogroup O34) introduced into Escherichia coli DH5alpha [2].
• Hence, tributyrin may be a promising candidate for clinical protocols in prostate cancer [3].
• In this study, we examined the antitumor effects of the combination of lovastatin and butyrate or its prodrug tributyrin in vitro and in vivo against a murine Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) [4].
• We studied the effects of tributyrin on growth, differentiation and vitamin D receptor expression in Caco-2 cells, a human colon cancer cell line [5].

Psychiatry related information on Glycerol tributanoate

• Because effective chemoprevention has been associated with agents that restore or maintain the balance between proliferation and apoptosis, dietary tributyrin, particularly during the critical period of mammary gland development, may be a promising chemopreventive agent [6].

High impact information on Glycerol tributanoate

• Stimulated gastric lipase output in seven normal subjects was 12,598 +/- 2036 U/h (by using tributyrin as substrate) [7].
• The inhibitory effect of protonated fatty acids was also observed using tributyrin at pH 3 [8].
• The two organisms can now be differentiated by the positive reactions of B. catarrhalis in tests for nitrate reduction and hydrolysis of tributyrin and DNase [9].
• Esterase D (EsD), purified from human erythrocytes and tested with a variety of substrates, hydrolyzed only triacetin, tributyrin, and certain soluble aryl esters of aliphatic acids [10].
• Here, we describe such differentiation induced by the histone deacetylase inhibitor tributyrin [11].

Chemical compound and disease context of Glycerol tributanoate

• The isolate showed lipolytic activity on tributyrin, triolein and groundnut oil in qualitative plate clearance assays, which has not been reported for the type strain of the genus Selenomonas [12].
• Sodium butyrate and tributyrin induce in vivo growth inhibition and apoptosis in human prostate cancer [13].
• The resulting mutant enzymes, synthesized by the bacterial host Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), were tested for their ability to hydrolyze the triglycerides triolein (TO), tricaprylin (TC) and tributyrin (TB) [14].
• AIM: To evaluate the effects of tributyrin, a pro-drug of natural butyrate and a neutral short-chain fatty acid triglyceride, on the growth inhibition of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell [15].
• Counteractive effects of propionate or 1,2-propanediol against hypoglycemia and ketonemia of tributyrin-treated cows [16].

Biological context of Glycerol tributanoate

• Taken together, our results implicate both NF-kappaB-dependent and NF-kappaB-independent genes in the processes leading to PC-3 cell differentiation induced by tributyrin and MPA [11].
• A synergistic induction of Drg-1 expression was seen with the combination of tributyrin and a low dose of 5'-aza-2'-dexoycytidine (100 nM), an inhibitor of DNA methylation [17].
• The possibility that some factor in serum changes the substrate specificity of purified human plasma carboxyl esterase, which hydrolyzes the short chain fatty acid ester, tributyrin, was investigated [18].
• The lack of specificity in the tributyrin plate assay emphasizes the need to interpret the results of tributyrin lipolysis kinetically for assessing lipase activity in S. aureus [19].
• Evaluation of tributyrin lipid emulsion with affinity to low-density lipoprotein: pharmacokinetics in adult male Wistar rats and cellular activity on Caco-2 and HepG2 cell lines [20].

Anatomical context of Glycerol tributanoate

• Transient increased mitochondria-associated bax, dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential (delta(psi)m), and caspase-3-independent cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase are evident as early as 4 h after treatment of cells with tributyrin [6].
• 8. Additionally, the enzyme shows activity towards triglycerides such as olive oil and tributyrin and towards egg-yolk emulsions [21].
• The synergistic effect of tributyrin and (OH)2D3 in Caco-2 cells was due to tributyrin-induced overexpression of the vitamin D receptor, as measured by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction [5].
• Here we demonstrate in vitro, that pretreatment of human LS 174T colon cancer cells with nontoxic concentrations of tributyrin augments the sensitivity to spontaneous NK cell activity two-fold [22].
• While the protein was overproduced mainly as inclusion body at 37 degrees C, it was mainly produced as a soluble active enzyme at 18 degrees C. A zymogram analysis revealed that purified EM2L8 taken from the soluble fraction could hydrolyze tributyrin substrate [23].

Associations of Glycerol tributanoate with other chemical compounds

• Replacing the loop of LPL with the loop of hepatic lipase, which differs in 15 of 22 amino acids but is also amphiphilic, led to the expression of an enzyme that retained both triolein and tributyrin hydrolyzing activity [24].
• Replacing HL Ser147 with glycine also resulted in a protein with little or no measurable activity for tributyrin, a substrate which does not provide a lipid interface [25].
• A monospecific anti-HL polyclonal antibody interacting with the C-terminal HL-derived domain of the chimeric enzyme abolished the enzyme's ability to hydrolyze triglyceride emulsion but not tributyrin substrates [26].
• Pig pancreatic carboxylester lipase (cholesterol esterase, E.C. 3.1.1.13) was inactivated at a tributyrin/water interface [27].
• Similar crosses were set up involving parental flies with normally heterozygous genetic background as a control.--Significant deviations from mendelian expectation were observed in inbred E-5 flies grown on tributyrin, inbred ODH males grown on octanol, and inbred ODH females grown on ethanol [28].

Gene context of Glycerol tributanoate

• In this study, the in vivo efficiency of two HDACs, sodium butyrate and tributyrin, on prostate cancer growth inhibition were investigated [13].
• These findings suggest that this patient has LpL with a normal catalytic site for tributyrin but with a defect in lipid interface recognition resulting in loss of ability to recognize VLDL or chylomicrons, but not of triolein emulsified with lysophospholipid [29].
• Tributyrin enhances the cytotoxic activity of interleukin-2/interleukin-12 stimulated human natural killer cells against LS 174T colon cancer cells in vitro [22].
• Thus, early mitochondria-associated events may play a key role in initiating and/or coordinating tributyrin-mediated growth arrest and apoptosis of wild-type p53 MCF-7 cells [6].
• Tributyrin-treated tumours showed the strongest effect with 38% apoptotic nuclei in the prostate cancer cell line PC3 [13].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Glycerol tributanoate

• Flow cytometry revealed a strong G1-arrest after exposure to tributyrin or sodium butyrate [3].
• After oral administration, maximal plasma concentration (C(max)), time to reach maximal plasma concentration (T(max)), and elimination half-life (T(1/2)) of butyrate were 87.6 muM and 25.3 and 63.0 min, respectively, for the pure tributyrin compared with 1344.5 microM and 8.5 and 19.8 min for the 10% (v/v) tributyrin emulsion [20].
• These data are being used in the design of clinical trials of oral tributyrin in patients with malignancies and hemoglobinopathies [30].
• Determination of tributyrin and its metabolite butyrate in Wistar rat plasma samples by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry [31].
• Gastric lipase was measured at 15-min intervals as activity (tributyrin) and as immunoreactivity (ELISA) [32].

References