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Gene Review:

GSTM5 - glutathione S-transferase mu 5

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: GST class-mu 5, GSTM5-5, GTM5, Glutathione S-transferase Mu 5

Takahashi, Y. et al., Rowe, J.D. et al., Patskovsky, Y.V. et al., Patskovsky, Y.V. et al., Pearson, W.R. et al., et al.

Kearns, Chrzanowska-Lightowlers, Pieters, Veerman, Hall,

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High impact information on GSTM5

Identification of class-mu glutathione transferase genes GSTM1-GSTM5 on human chromosome 1p13 [1].
The open reading frame of GSTM5 shared a high degree of homology with the sequences of other Mu-class glutathione S-transferases, but its 846-nucleotide 3'-noncoding region was unique and considerably larger than that of any of the other Mu forms [2].
A form designated GSTM5, was cloned from a human brain cDNA library and its sequence determined [2].
To determine a structural basis for the catalytic differences between hGSTM3-3 and other mu class enzymes, chimeric proteins were designed by modular interchange of the divergent C-terminal domains of hGSTM3 and hGSTM5 subunits [3].
GSTM4 and GSTM5 subunits, here identified for the first time in human tissue extracts, were minor components, with GSTM5 found only in brain, lung and testis [4].

Biological context of GSTM5

With this clone, the location of the GSTM1-GSTM5 gene cluster on chromosome 1 was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization [1].
Identification of overlapping cosmid clones that span the region between GSTM5, the next nearest glutathione transferase gene, and GSTM3 showed that the two genes are about 20,000 bp apart [5].

Anatomical context of GSTM5

Isoform composition of the germ cell plasma membrane and the cytosolic pool differ, GSTM5 and GSTPi being absent on the plasma membranes [6].

Associations of GSTM5 with chemical compounds

Cytosolic GST subunits were resolved by reverse-phase HPLC methods, individual components were assigned to Alpha, Mu and Pi classes on the basis of their immunoreactivities, and peptide-sequence-specific antisera were used to distinguish among five different Mu-class subunits (GSTM1-GSTM5) [4].

Regulatory relationships of GSTM5

GSTM2 transcript was expressed in all patients in contradistinction to GSTM5, which was not detected in any sample [7].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of GSTM5

A basis for differentiating among the multiple human Mu-glutathione S-transferases and molecular cloning of brain GSTM5 [2].
PCR primers developed from sequences 3'-downstream from the GSTM5 gene were used to identify clones containing the GSTM3 gene [5].

References

Identification of class-mu glutathione transferase genes GSTM1-GSTM5 on human chromosome 1p13. Pearson, W.R., Vorachek, W.R., Xu, S.J., Berger, R., Hart, I., Vannais, D., Patterson, D. Am. J. Hum. Genet. (1993) [Pubmed]
A basis for differentiating among the multiple human Mu-glutathione S-transferases and molecular cloning of brain GSTM5. Takahashi, Y., Campbell, E.A., Hirata, Y., Takayama, T., Listowsky, I. J. Biol. Chem. (1993) [Pubmed]
An asparagine-phenylalanine substitution accounts for catalytic differences between hGSTM3-3 and other human class mu glutathione S-transferases. Patskovsky, Y.V., Patskovska, L.N., Listowsky, I. Biochemistry (1999) [Pubmed]
Subunit diversity and tissue distribution of human glutathione S-transferases: interpretations based on electrospray ionization-MS and peptide sequence-specific antisera. Rowe, J.D., Nieves, E., Listowsky, I. Biochem. J. (1997) [Pubmed]
Distinctive structure of the human GSTM3 gene-inverted orientation relative to the mu class glutathione transferase gene cluster. Patskovsky, Y.V., Huang, M.Q., Takayama, T., Listowsky, I., Pearson, W.R. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. (1999) [Pubmed]
Multiple glutathione S-transferase isoforms are present on male germ cell plasma membrane. Rao, A.V., Shaha, C. FEBS Lett. (2001) [Pubmed]
Mu class glutathione S-transferase mRNA isoform expression in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Kearns, P.R., Chrzanowska-Lightowlers, Z.M., Pieters, R., Veerman, A., Hall, A.G. Br. J. Haematol. (2003) [Pubmed]

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LOC100426406	Macaca mulatta
Gstm1	Mus musculus
GSTM5	Pan troglodytes
Gstm1	Rattus norvegicus

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