Disease relevance of CCL5

• Decreasing sensitivity to RANTES (regulated on activation, normally T cell-expressed and -secreted) neutralization of CC chemokine receptor 5-using, non-syncytium-inducing virus variants in the course of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection [1].
• Our data suggest that a role exists for RANTES neutralization sensitivity of HIV-1 in AIDS pathogenesis [1].
• Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection causes suppression of RANTES, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and tumor necrosis factor alpha expression in peripheral blood of experimentally infected cattle [2].
• The purpose of this study was to determine whether MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES affect BIV expression in vitro, as a prelude to identifying the cellular receptors utilized by this virus [3].

High impact information on CCL5

• Expression of TNF-alpha, RANTES, and MCP-1 was lower in infected than in uninfected cattle [2].
• By means of in situ hybridization, RANTES mRNA positive macrophages were located in the former thecal layer of the developing corpora lutea [4].
• As demonstrated by competitive RT-PCR, follicle-derived macrophages showed a 100-1000 times higher RANTES mRNA level compared to unpurified granulosa cells or follicle-derived fibroblasts [4].
• No difference was found in basal Tie-2 mRNA levels. rMVECs are the more potent producers of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), whereas cMVECs expressed higher RANTES mRNA levels [5].
• The in vitro release of fluorescein-labeled bovine serum albumin and the in vivo release of the model proteins, erythropoietin, RANTES and three PEG-conjugated RANTES derivatives showed sustained release for 2-4 weeks and demonstrated prolonged biological activity of the released proteins in animals [6].

Regulatory relationships of CCL5

• CK- MVEC revealed significantly higher basal RANTES mRNA expression than CK+ MVEC, and TNF- alpha up-regulated RANTES mRNA in both types of MVEC [7].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CCL5

• The array signal intensity for 3 of these genes, RANTES/CCL5, IL-6 and T-PA, was relatively low, but quantitative real-time RT-PCR (Q-RT-PCR) analysis revealed that they were induced 208-fold, 10-fold and 3-fold, respectively [8].

References