High impact information on Enpp2

• Localization of PD-I alpha mRNA was also observed in glial cells in the molecular layer of the cerebellum [1].
• PD-I alpha cDNA has a 2,655-nucleotide open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 885 amino acids with a calculated M(r) of 101,302 [1].
• Northern blot analysis revealed that PD-I alpha transcript was abundantly present in cerebrum and cerebellum while its level was quite low in other tissues [1].
• In situ hybridization analysis revealed that PD-I alpha mRNA is localized in secretory epithelial cells in the brain and the eye including choroid plexus epithelial cells, ciliary epithelial cells, iris pigment epithelial cells, and retinal pigment cells [1].
• Phosphodiesterase-I alpha/autotaxin controls cytoskeletal organization and FAK phosphorylation during myelination [2].

Biological context of Enpp2

• We report here, that PD-I alpha/ATX's adhesion antagonism is mediated by a protein fragment different from the one that stimulates tumor cell motility [2].

Anatomical context of Enpp2

• In the present study, we demonstrate that commencing with active myelination oligodendrocytes express phosphodiesterase-Ialpha/autotaxin [PD-Ialpha/ATX (NPP-2)] as a non-membrane-associated extracellular factor [3].
• Our data, therefore, suggest that PD-I alpha/ATX participates in the regulation of myelination via a novel signaling pathway leading to changes in integrin-dependent focal adhesion assembly and consequently oligodendrocyte-ECM interactions [2].

Other interactions of Enpp2

• As such a component of the extracellular environment, PD-Ialpha/ATX has the ability to antagonize the adhesive interactions between oligodendroglial cells and known extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules present in the developing CNS [3].
• Furthermore, PD-I alpha/ATX's adhesion-antagonizing fragment causes a reorganized distribution of the focal adhesion components vinculin and paxillin and an integrin-dependent reduction in focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation at tyrosine residue 925 (pFAK-925) [2].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Enpp2

• Molecular cloning, expression, and localization of a brain-specific phosphodiesterase I/nucleotide pyrophosphatase (PD-I alpha) from rat brain [1].

References