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Gene Review:

KTI11 - Kti11p

Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c

Synonyms: DPH3, Diphthamide biosynthesis protein 3, Kluyveromyces lactis toxin-insensitive protein 11, YBL071W-A

Liu, S. et al., Fichtner, L. et al., Sun, J. et al., Fichtner, L. et al., Jablonowski, D. et al.

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Disease relevance of KTI11

Disruption of KTI11 and KTI13 results in the complex tot phenotype observed for the gamma-toxin target site mutants, tot1-7, and includes zymocin resistance, thermosensitivity, hypersensitivity to drugs and slow growth [1].
Loss of YIL103w and DPH2 (involved in diphtheria toxicity) suppresses zymocicity implying that both toxins overlap in a manner mediated by Kti11p [2].
Then, it was found to be identical to Dph3, a protein required for diphthamide biosynthesis on eEF-2, the target of diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas exotoxin A, in both yeast and higher eukaryotes [3].

High impact information on KTI11

In addition to having a role in diphthamide biosynthesis, Dph3 is also involved in modulating the functions of the Elongator complex in yeast [4].
Dph3, a small protein required for diphthamide biosynthesis, is essential in mouse development [4].
Of the proteins required for diphthamide synthesis, Dph3 is the smallest, containing only 82 residues [4].
5. The dph3(-)(/)(-) placentas also developed abnormally, showing a thinner labyrinth lacking embryonic erythrocytes and blood vessels [4].
Loss of both dph3 alleles causes a general delay in embryonic development accompanied by lack of allantois fusion to the chorion and increased degeneration and necrosis in neural tubes and is not compatible with life beyond embryonic day 11 [4].

Biological context of KTI11

Thus, we identified yeast open reading frames (ORFs) YBL071w-A and YAL020c/ATS1 as KTI11 and KTI13 respectively [1].
Phosphorylation of its largest subunit Tot1 (Elp1) is supported by Kti11, an Elongator-interactor essential for zymocin action [5].

Associations of KTI11 with chemical compounds

We present the first experimental evidence that Kti11p can bind a single Zn(2+) ion by its four conserved cysteine residues [3].

Other interactions of KTI11

Using TAP tagging, Kti11p contacts Elongator and translational proteins (Rps7Ap, Rps19Ap Eft2p, Yil103wp, Dph2p) [2].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of KTI11

Both loci, KTI11 and KTI13, are actively transcribed protein-encoding genes as determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in vivo HA epitope tagging [1].

References

KTI11 and KTI13, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes controlling sensitivity to G1 arrest induced by Kluyveromyces lactis zymocin. Fichtner, L., Schaffrath, R. Mol. Microbiol. (2002) [Pubmed]
Elongator's toxin-target (TOT) function is nuclear localization sequence dependent and suppressed by post-translational modification. Fichtner, L., Jablonowski, D., Schierhorn, A., Kitamoto, H.K., Stark, M.J., Schaffrath, R. Mol. Microbiol. (2003) [Pubmed]
Solution structure of Kti11p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals a novel zinc-binding module. Sun, J., Zhang, J., Wu, F., Xu, C., Li, S., Zhao, W., Wu, Z., Wu, J., Zhou, C.Z., Shi, Y. Biochemistry (2005) [Pubmed]
Dph3, a small protein required for diphthamide biosynthesis, is essential in mouse development. Liu, S., Wiggins, J.F., Sreenath, T., Kulkarni, A.B., Ward, J.M., Leppla, S.H. Mol. Cell. Biol. (2006) [Pubmed]
The yeast elongator histone acetylase requires Sit4-dependent dephosphorylation for toxin-target capacity. Jablonowski, D., Fichtner, L., Stark, M.J., Schaffrath, R. Mol. Biol. Cell (2004) [Pubmed]

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AGOS_AGR374C	Ashbya gossypii ATCC 10895
KLLA0E20439g	Kluyveromyces lactis NRRL Y-1140

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