High impact information on CWP1

• Promoter-exchange experiments showed that expression in S/G2 phase is necessary but not sufficient for the normal localization of Cwp1p [1].
• Cells deficient in both Dcw1p and Dfg5p were round and large, had cell walls that contained an increased amount of chitin and secreted a major cell wall protein, Cwp1p, into the medium [2].
• At a molecular level, we found that a considerable amount of Cwp1p became anchored through a novel type of linkage for glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-dependent cell wall proteins, namely an alkali-labile linkage to beta1,3-glucan [3].
• A single gene, CWP1, was recovered as a multicopy suppressor of the spo1 null [4].
• Finally, in yeast mutants with impaired cell wall structure, expression of both CWP1 and CWP2 was modified [5].

Biological context of CWP1

• Based on its amino acid sequence, we cloned and sequenced the gene encoding the precursor of gp40, named CWP1; cell wall protein gene [6].
• The DNA sequence of the CWP1 gene was identical to YKL443, an open reading frame identified in a genome sequencing program for yeast chromosome XI [6].
• Using mutated plasmids and transfection assays, we demonstrated that the GLP1/2 binding sites are positive cis-acting elements of the cwp1 and ran gene promoters in both trophozoites and encysting cells [7].

Anatomical context of CWP1

• The N-terminal sequence of a 55-kDa mannoprotein corresponded with the product of ORF YKL096w, which we named CWP1 (cell wall protein 1) [8].

Associations of CWP1 with chemical compounds

• Depletion of Cwp1p or Tip1p also caused increased sensitivities to Congo red and calcofluor white, but the effects were less pronounced than for cwp2 delta [8].
• Disruption of FKS1 reduces the glucan content of the cell wall, increases chitin content and activates the expression of CWP1, which encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-dependent cell wall protein [9].
• The beta-1,6-glucan moiety could be removed from Cwp1p and other cell wall proteins by cleaving phosphodiester bridges either enzymatically using phosphodiesterases or chemically using ice-cold aqueous hydrofluoric acid [10].

Other interactions of CWP1

• Furthermore, Cwp1p and Tip1p were shown to carry a beta 1,6-glucose-containing side chain [8].
• Interestingly, the defective incorporation of beta1,3-glucan in the cell wall was accompanied by an increase in chitin and mannan content in the cell wall, an enhanced expression of cell wall protein 1 (Cwp1p), and an increase in beta1,3-glucan synthase activity, probably caused by the induced expression of Fks2p [11].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of CWP1

• Molecular cloning of CWP1: a gene encoding a Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall protein solubilized with Rarobacter faecitabidus protease I [6].
• Immunological analysis of the extract using one-dimensional SDS-PAGE and anti-ScCwp1p antiserum indicated the presence of a Cwp1p homologue in C. glabrata cell walls [12].
• Further analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) confirmed the presence of two of the predicted Cwp1p proteins, Cwp1.1p and Cwp1.2p [12].

References