Disease relevance of Psychosurgery

• Events leading to the development of stereotactic frames and their subsequent use in humans for the treatment of epilepsy, movement disorders, and psychosurgery are reviewed [1].

Psychiatry related information on Psychosurgery

• Changes in metabolism of cerebral glucose after stereotactic leukotomy for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a case report [2].
• Ventricular size, the dexamethasone suppression test and outcome of severe endogenous depression following psychosurgery [3].

High impact information on Psychosurgery

• The differences were greatest in left CA4, with schizophrenic patients having significantly lower pyramidal-cell density than normal controls and significantly lower volume than leukotomy controls [4].
• RESULTS: Recovered psychosurgery patients exhibited insensitivity to negative feedback on the Iowa Gambling Task compared to the other three groups [5].
• Current treatment with neuroleptics and prior treatment with ECT, insulin coma, or leukotomy could not account for the poor cognitive performance of the older schizophrenic patients [6].
• As part of the work of the APA Task Force on Psychosurgery, the author surveyed 1,901 neurosurgeons on how many psychosurgical procedures they performed in 1971, 1972 and 1973 [7].
• Donepezil for the treatment of a schizophrenia patient with frontal lobotomy [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Psychosurgery

• Despite dramatic clinical improvement in about one-third of a group of severely depressed, medication-resistant patients one year after modified leucotomy, their relative decrease in conjugated and free tyramine output after an oral tyramine load remained unchanged and abnormal [9].
• A bilateral decrease in glucose metabolism was found in the orbital frontal cortex after psychosurgery [2].
• alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors in rat cerebral cortex: effect of frontal lobotomy [10].
• The Sixteen Personality Factor Test was administered to 28 patients both before and six months after they received open prefrontal leucotomies [11].
• D-aspartate binding to the glutamate uptake site in human brain tissue--effects of leucotomy [12].

Anatomical context of Psychosurgery

• This rate is comparable to those of previous studies of limbic system surgery and indicates that limbic leukotomy is a feasible treatment option for severe, treatment-refractory MDD or OCD [13].
• Low prolactin levels in cerebrospinal fluid: an after effect of lobotomy in chronic schizophrenia [14].
• The psychosurgery group performed more poorly than the control group on an adaptation of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, demonstrating the possible impact of frontal lobe lesions on the abilities underpinning the formation and shifting of response sets [15].
• For temporal lobe epilepsy the surgical procedures done were topectomy (28 cases), temporal lobectomy with amygdalectomy (25 cases), temporal lobectomy with amygdalectomy and hippocampectomy (10 cases), amygdalectomy (15 cases) and topectomy with amygdalectomy in one case [16].

Gene context of Psychosurgery

• Samples of ventricular CSF were taken from 52 consecutive patients admitted for psychosurgery for intractable depression [17].
• CONCLUSION: For this cohort of 21 patients with chronic severe MDD or OCD, who had experienced failure with an exhaustive array of previous treatments, limbic leukotomy was associated with substantial benefit for 36 to 50% [13].
• The psychosurgery group performed relatively poorly on the Wisconsin Card Sort Test but did not show any deterioration in Wechsler Intelligence and Memory scores [18].
• The classical leucotomy of Moniz and Lima, with some modifications, was used for treatment of schizophrenia and severe pain [19].
• The object of this study is to assess the changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) following stereotactic limbic leukotomy in patients with medically intractable Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) [20].

References