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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
MeSH Review

Cuphea

 
 
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Disease relevance of Cuphea

 

High impact information on Cuphea

  • Similar results have also been obtained for transgenic plants expressing the Cuphea lanceolata caproyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase and accumulating high amounts of caproic acid [2].
  • To assess the potential of unregulated KAS III as tool in oil production, we designed in vitro experiments employing FAS preparations from medium-chain fatty acid-producing Cuphea lanceolata seeds and long-chain fatty acid-producing rape seeds, each supplemented with a fivefold excess of the N291D KAS III mutant [3].
  • These data indicate that the Cuphea KAS reported here has a different acyl-chain specificity to the previously characterized KAS I, II and III [4].
  • The contribution to chain length regulation of a beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase, Cw KAS A1, derived from Cuphea wrightii, a species that accumulates 30% 10:0 and 54% 12:0 in seed oils, was investigated [5].
  • These results implicate cerulenin-resistant condensing activity in production of medium chain fatty acids in Cuphea [6].
 

Biological context of Cuphea

  • This study investigated the superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical scavenger properties, as well as the inhibition of lipid peroxidation by the crude hydroalcoholic extract (CE) and the butanolic (BF) and ethyl acetate (EAF) fractions of Cuphea carthagenensis leaves [7].
 

Anatomical context of Cuphea

  • This study evaluated the vasorelaxant properties of the crude hydroalcoholic extract (CE) of Cuphea carthagenensis, as well as its butanolic (BF) and ethyl acetate (EA) fractions, in rings of rat thoracic aorta [8].
 

Associations of Cuphea with chemical compounds

  • The Mexican shrub Cuphea hookeriana accumulates up to 75% caprylate (8:0) and caprate (10:0) in its seed oil [9].
  • Enzymatic characterization of recombinant KAS III from Cuphea wrightii embryo shows that this enzyme is strongly inhibited by medium-chain acyl-ACP end products of the FAS reaction, i.e. inhibition by lauroyl-ACP was uncompetitive towards acetyl CoA and non-competitive with regard to malonyl-ACP [3].
  • Regulation of triacylglycerol biosynthesis in embryos and microsomal preparations from the developing seeds of Cuphea lanceolata [10].
  • Embryos of Cuphea lanceolata have more than 80 mol% of decanoic acid ('capric acid') in their triacylglycerols, while this fatty acid is virtually absent in phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) [10].
  • The seed lipids of Cuphea were first discovered in the 1960s to contain high percentages of several medium-chain fatty acids, including caprylic, capric, lauric, and myristic acid [11].
 

Gene context of Cuphea

  • It is proposed that the amplified expression of Ch FatB2 in the embryo provides the hydrolytic enzyme specificity determining the fatty acyl composition of Cuphea hookeriana seed oil [9].
  • A 48 kDa protein identified immunologically as KAS I was expressed in both medium and long chain-producing Cuphea species and was detected in all tissues tested [6].
  • The role of acyl carrier protein isoforms from Cuphea lanceolata seeds in the de-novo biosynthesis of medium-chain fatty acids [12].
  • Cuphiin D1 (CD1), macrocyclic hydrolyzable tannin isolated from Cuphea hyssopifolia, has been shown to exert an antitumor effect both in vitro and in vivo [13].
  • Extracts of the following species presented the highest ACE inhibition rate, at concentrations of 0.33 mg/ml: Ouratea semiserrata (Mart. & Nees) Engl. stems (68%), Cuphea cartagenesis (Jacq.) Macbride leaves (50%) and Mansoa hirsuta DC. leaves (54%) [14].

References

  1. Reaction mechanism of recombinant 3-oxoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) synthase III from Cuphea wrightii embryo, a fatty acid synthase type II condensing enzyme. Abbadi, A., Brummel, M., Schütt, B.S., Slabaugh, M.B., Schuch, R., Spener, F. Biochem. J. (2000) [Pubmed]
  2. Impact of unusual fatty acid synthesis on futile cycling through beta-oxidation and on gene expression in transgenic plants. Moire, L., Rezzonico, E., Goepfert, S., Poirier, Y. Plant Physiol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  3. Knockout of the regulatory site of 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III enhances short- and medium-chain acyl-ACP synthesis. Abbadi, A., Brummel, M., Spener, F. Plant J. (2000) [Pubmed]
  4. KAS IV: a 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase from Cuphea sp. is a medium chain specific condensing enzyme. Dehesh, K., Edwards, P., Fillatti, J., Slabaugh, M., Byrne, J. Plant J. (1998) [Pubmed]
  5. A Cuphea beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase shifts the synthesis of fatty acids towards shorter chains in Arabidopsis seeds expressing Cuphea FatB thioesterases. Leonard, J.M., Knapp, S.J., Slabaugh, M.B. Plant J. (1998) [Pubmed]
  6. Condensing enzymes from Cuphea wrightii associated with medium chain fatty acid biosynthesis. Slabaugh, M.B., Leonard, J.M., Knapp, S.J. Plant J. (1998) [Pubmed]
  7. Comparative study of radical scavenger activities of crude extract and fractions from Cuphea carthagenensis leaves. Schuldt, E.Z., Farias, M.R., Ribeiro-do-Valle, R.M., Ckless, K. Phytomedicine (2004) [Pubmed]
  8. Butanolic fraction from Cuphea carthagenensis Jacq McBride relaxes rat thoracic aorta through endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent mechanisms. Schuldt, E.Z., Ckless, K., Simas, M.E., Farias, M.R., Ribeiro-Do-Valle, R.M. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  9. Production of high levels of 8:0 and 10:0 fatty acids in transgenic canola by overexpression of Ch FatB2, a thioesterase cDNA from Cuphea hookeriana. Dehesh, K., Jones, A., Knutzon, D.S., Voelker, T.A. Plant J. (1996) [Pubmed]
  10. Regulation of triacylglycerol biosynthesis in embryos and microsomal preparations from the developing seeds of Cuphea lanceolata. Bafor, M., Jonsson, L., Stobart, A.K., Stymne, S. Biochem. J. (1990) [Pubmed]
  11. Cuphea: a new plant source of medium-chain fatty acids. Graham, S.A. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. (1989) [Pubmed]
  12. The role of acyl carrier protein isoforms from Cuphea lanceolata seeds in the de-novo biosynthesis of medium-chain fatty acids. Schütt, B.S., Brummel, M., Schuch, R., Spener, F. Planta (1998) [Pubmed]
  13. Cytotoxic effects of cuphiin D1 on the growth of human cervical carcinoma and normal cells. Wang, C.C., Chen, L.G., Yang, L.L. Anticancer Res. (2002) [Pubmed]
  14. Screening the Brazilian flora for antihypertensive plant species for in vitro angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibiting activity. Castro Braga, F., Wagner, H., Lombardi, J.A., de Oliveira, A.B. Phytomedicine (2000) [Pubmed]
 
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