Disease relevance of octanoic acid

• A rapid diagnostic test reported to be useful in distinguishing Salmonella spp. from related organisms makes use of the ability of Salmonella to hydrolyze the chromogenic ester substrate methyl umbelliferyl caprylate [1].
• Paralogous gene analysis reveals a highly enantioselective 1,2-O-isopropylideneglycerol caprylate esterase of Bacillus subtilis [2].
• Determination of the extracellular lipases of Pseudomonas fluorescens spp. in skim milk with the beta-naphthyl caprylate assay [3].
• The magnitude of E. coli O157:H7 inactivation in water significantly increased (P < 0.01) with increases in caprylate concentration and storage temperature [4].
• RESULTS: The results demonstrated effective inactivation of West Nile virus, vaccinia virus and a model virus, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, during pasteurization, solvent/detergent treatment and caprylate treatment [5].

High impact information on octanoic acid

• The reaction rate for catalytic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl caprylate was small when the gel was swollen [6].
• The Mexican shrub Cuphea hookeriana accumulates up to 75% caprylate (8:0) and caprate (10:0) in its seed oil [7].
• The seed oil of Cuphea palustris has an unusual fatty-acyl composition, whereby the principal fatty-acyl groups, myristate (64%) and caprylate (20%), differ by more than two methylenes [8].
• Enzymatic assays of filtered culture supernatants revealed butyrate esterase and caprylate esterase lipase activity for 11 of 12 strains, as well as acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, and beta-glucosidase activities in some strains [9].
• Study of metabolites in the perfusate suggested that significant glycolysis occurred when the pO2 was 150 mm Hg: it was stimulated by caprylate and inhibited by raising the pO2 to 650 mm Hg [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of octanoic acid

• These results indicate that sodium caprylate is effective in killing E. coli O157:H7 in cattle drinking water, but detailed cattle palatability studies of water containing caprylate are necessary [4].
• In this study, six fatty acid esters (diethyl adipate, diisopropyl adipate, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate, methyl caprylate and isopropyl palmitate) were evaluated as solvents to replace isopropyl myristate in the sterility test for ophthalmic ointments [11].

Biological context of octanoic acid

• A single oral dose of caprylate had no effect on platelet adhesiveness [12].
• The substrate specificity study showed that p-nitrophenyl caprylate is a preference of the enzyme [13].
• Using a new tCsA formulation with a penetration enhancer (PE), polyethylene glycol-8 (PEG-8) glyceryl caprylate/caprate (Labrasol, Gattefossé, St. Priest, France), in a trinary drug delivery system, we hypothesized that we would induce SITE and significantly delay rejection of dual skin allografts in rats [14].

Anatomical context of octanoic acid

• These actions of caprylate on membranes are considered one possible mechanism by which it promotes the absorption of water-soluble and poorly absorbed drugs [15].
• AIMS: The aim of our study was to examine the absorption of insulin from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, using a novel oral formulation-adding a delivery agent SNAC (sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino] caprylate) in combination with insulin [16].
• The presence of feces or feed also had a significant effect (P < 0.01) on the antibacterial property of caprylate; the presence of feces decreased the antibacterial effect, whereas addition of feed enhanced the effect [4].
• In this study we investigated the mechanism of insulin absorption across caco-2 cell monolayers with one of these drug delivery agents, N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino] caprylate (SNAC) [17].
• The effects of sodium salts of medium-chain fatty acids, caprylate and caprate, on the penetration of a hydrophilic compound and a macromolecular compound across rabbit corneas in vitro were examined [18].

Associations of octanoic acid with other chemical compounds

• METHODS: BSP-loaded nanospheres were prepared by an emulsion solvent diffusion method in oil (caprylate and caprate triglyceride) [19].
• Addition of saturated fatty acids (butyrate, caprylate, laurate, palmitate and stearate) in a medium at 1 mmol/l, despite effects on the basal release, significantly reduced the ACTH release induced by CRH (1 nmol/l) stimulation [20].
• Based on ideal solution theory, phase diagrams are calculated for binary compositions of cholesteryl esters and compared to experimental data from pairwise combinations in a saturated acyl chain series from caprylate to arachidate, which encompasses three crystal packing motifs in the solid state [21].
• Tris(isopropylphenyl/phenyl) phosphates and triethylene glycol dicaprate/caprylate mixtures of typical industrial compositions have been analyzed by fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry, FAB collisional activation (CA) mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectroscopy and FAB/electron impact (EI) CA B/E linked scans [22].

Gene context of octanoic acid

• In the presence of caprylate (1 mmol/l), CRH (1 nmol/l)-stimulated increase in cellular calcium ion concentration was diminished [20].
• A rapid colorimetric assay for the extracellular lipase of Pseudomonas fluorescens B52 using beta-naphthyl caprylate [23].
• Selected topics in immunohematology: II. Albumin autoagglutination phenomenon (antibodies to albumin-bound caprylate) [24].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of octanoic acid

• Properties of a new intravenous immunoglobulin (IGIV-C, 10%) produced by virus inactivation with caprylate and column chromatography [25].
• Thermal stability of human albumin measured by differential scanning calorimetry. I. Effects of caprylate and N-acetyltryptophanate [26].
• The use of caprylate for the inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses in biologically active proteins both plasma derived and produced by cell culture was evaluated [27].
• Caprylate is removed after treatment by size exclusion chromatography or anion/cation exchange adsorption of the protein, followed by buffer wash [27].
• Long-term oral administration of caprylate (2 and 3 weeks) to rabbits resulted in a progressive and significant decrease in platelet adhesiveness in these animals compared to that in a control group receiving saline [12].

References