Disease relevance of Halomonadaceae

• All of the members of the Halomonadaceae examined and Halovibrio variabilis possess a cytosine residue at position 486 (Escherichia coli numbering), which is an extremely rare attribute among the prokaryotes and has been reported in only one other species, Listonella anguillarum [1].
• In order to understand why Alcanivorax overcomes other bacteria under such cultural conditions, competition experiments between Alcanivorax indigenous to seawater and the exogenous alkane-degrading marine bacterium, Acinetobacter venetianus strain T4, were conducted [2].
• The deduced protein sequence of the putative alkane hydrolase, AlkB, of strain MIL-1T is related to the corresponding enzymes of Alcanivorax borkumensis and Pseudomonas oleovorans (81 and 80% similarity, respectively) [3].
• Extremely abundant porin proteins with an apparent molecular mass of 49 kDa were found in Chromohalobacter sp.160 and Halomonas sp. 40, but no major outer membrane protein was detected in Chromohalobacter sp. 43, suggesting strain 43 was most likely a naturally defective porin mutant [4].

High impact information on Halomonadaceae

• Characterization of two alkane hydroxylase genes from the marine hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium Alcanivorax borkumensis [5].
• To identify the genes responsible for alkane degradation in this organism, two putative genes for alkane hydroxylases were cloned from Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2 [6].
• Salt-inducible multidrug efflux pump protein in the moderately halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter sp [7].
• A spontaneous ofloxacin-resistant mutant derived from the moderately halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter sp. strain 160 showed a two- to fourfold increased resistance to structurally diverse compounds, such as tetracycline, cefsulodin, chloramphenicol, and ethidium bromide (EtBr), and tolerance to organic solvents, e.g., hexane and heptane [7].
• Alcanivorax borkumensis strain ST-T1 isolated from the Sea of Japan exhibited higher ability to degrade branched alkanes (pristane and phytane) than A. venetianus strain T4 [2].

Chemical compound and disease context of Halomonadaceae

• The decrease in diversity could be accounted for by a strong selection for bacteria belonging to the alkane-degrading Alcanivorax/Fundibacter group [8].
• C. marismortui belongs in the family Halomonadaceae and has the characteristic 16S rRNA signatures defined for this family, including the distinctive cytosine residue at position 486 found in all members of the Halomonadaceae [9].
• The size of the Alcanivorax population increased with increasing incubation time and accounted for 91% of the 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) count after incubation for 2 weeks [10].
• The growth rate of Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043 can be stimulated in media containing 0.3 M NaCl by a 0.7 M concentration of other salts of Na+, K+, Rb+, or NH4+, Cl-, Br-, NO3-, or SO4(2-) ions [11].
• Complex regulation of the synthesis of the compatible solute ectoine in the halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043T [12].

Biological context of Halomonadaceae

• A functional genomics analysis of Alcanivorax borkumensis strain SK2 was recently initiated, and its genome sequence has just been completed [13].

Gene context of Halomonadaceae

• Cloning and functional analysis of alkB genes in Alcanivorax borkumensis SK2 [6].
• On the basis of biochemical and molecular data, it is suggested that strains ISO1 and ISO4T be recognized as a novel species of the genus Alcanivorax, for which the name Alcanivorax venustensis (ISO4T =DSM 13974T =CECT 5388T) is proposed [14].
• Chromohalobacter marismortui VH1 was screened for its ability to utilise organosulfonate compounds at a range of NaCl concentrations [15].

References