Disease relevance of Antimony White

• Failure of antimony trioxide to induce micronuclei or chromosomal aberrations in rat bone-marrow after sub-chronic oral dosing [1].
• Our previous studies show that antimony trioxide (Sb(2)O(3)) induces growth inhibition in patient-derived acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell lines, a disease in which a related metal, arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)), is used clinically [2].
• Subchronic and chronic inhalation toxicity of antimony trioxide in the rat [3].

High impact information on Antimony White

• Published data from inhalation studies involving accumulation and elimination of photocopy test toner, antimony trioxide, carbon black, and diesel exhaust particles were investigated [4].
• Antimony trioxide (Sb(2)O(3), CAS 1309-64-4) is widely used as a flame retardant synergist in a number of household products, as a fining agent in glass manufacture, and as a catalyst in the manufacture of various types of polyester plastics [1].
• Genotoxic risk and oxidative DNA damage in workers exposed to antimony trioxide [5].
• Antimony trioxide (Sb2O3, CAS 1309-64-4) has been examined in a range of in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity assays [6].
• An assessment of the genetic toxicology of antimony trioxide [6].

Biological context of Antimony White

• Although some indications exist that antimony trioxide could interfere with embryonic and fetal development, the studies seem not entirely conclusive [7].
• Antimony trioxide-induced apoptosis is dependent on SEK1/JNK signaling [2].
• Three doses of each chemical (400, 666.67, and 1000 mg/kg body wt), corresponding to 1/50, 1/30, and 1/20 of oral LD50 of antimony trioxide, were fed daily to sets of mice up to 21 d [8].

Anatomical context of Antimony White

• However, in vivo, antimony trioxide was non-clastogenic in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay, following oral gavage administration for 1, 7, 14 or 21 days at dose levels of up to 5000 mg/kg (single dose) or 1000 mg/kg (repeat dose) [6].
• Antimony trioxide (Sb2O3), in aqueous suspension, was administered by gavaging to mice and monitored for chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow and sperm head abnormalities in germ cells [9].
• To initiate investigation of Sb-induced alterations of the immune system, the concentrations of the IgG subclasses, IgE, interleukin-2, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-4 in sera obtained from workers exposed to Sb through antimony trioxide manufacture were determined and compared with those of control subjects [10].

References