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MeSH Review

Vehicle Emissions

 
 
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Disease relevance of Vehicle Emissions

 

High impact information on Vehicle Emissions

 

Chemical compound and disease context of Vehicle Emissions

 

Biological context of Vehicle Emissions

 

Anatomical context of Vehicle Emissions

  • Induction of heme oxygenase-1 expression in macrophages by diesel exhaust particle chemicals and quinones via the antioxidant-responsive element [19].
  • Moreover, rainfall may also contribute to the release of allergens from fungal spores and, along with the release of free allergen molecules from pollen grains, may be able to interact with other particles such as pollutants (i.e. diesel exhaust carbon particles) to trigger allergic asthma [20].
  • The results indicate that, over the range of concentrations tested, pathways for excretion of [14C]NP equivalents in urine and feces were independent of the exposure concentration of NP, whether in its pure form or associated with diesel exhaust particles [21].
  • This study demonstrates that exposure to diesel exhaust induces inflammatory response in healthy human airways, represented by an early increase in interleukin-6 and methylhistamine concentration and the percentage of neutrophils [22].
  • We have previously shown that intratracheal instillation of suspension of diesel exhaust particles enhances allergen-related eosinophilic airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and local expression of interleukin (IL)-5 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in mice [23].
 

Associations of Vehicle Emissions with chemical compounds

  • 6-Nitrochrysene (6-NC) is a pollutant generated in diesel exhaust [24].
  • Combined diesel exhaust particulate and ragweed allergen challenge markedly enhances human in vivo nasal ragweed-specific IgE and skews cytokine production to a T helper cell 2-type pattern [25].
  • It occurs in air as a product of the natural photooxidation of automobile exhaust, combustion processes, incinerators; formaldehyde has been found in municipal and industrial effluents and is present in food either naturally (fruits and vegetables, in the order of parts per million), or as a result of its use as a food additive [26].
  • Styrene is a component of cigarette smoke and automobile exhaust, and it may occur naturally at low levels in various types of foods [27].
  • OBJECTIVE: Because IL-4 organizes allergic responses in vivo, we have investigated whether pyrene, a major compound of diesel exhaust particles, can affect the production of IL-4 [28].
 

Gene context of Vehicle Emissions

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Vehicle Emissions

References

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  3. Alterations in the K-ras and p53 genes in rat lung tumors. Belinsky, S.A., Swafford, D.S., Finch, G.L., Mitchell, C.E., Kelly, G., Hahn, F.F., Anderson, M.W., Nikula, K.J. Environ. Health Perspect. (1997) [Pubmed]
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  16. 9,10-Phenanthraquinone in diesel exhaust particles downregulates Cu,Zn-SOD and HO-1 in human pulmonary epithelial cells: intracellular iron scavenger 1,10-phenanthroline affords protection against apoptosis. Sugimoto, R., Kumagai, Y., Nakai, Y., Ishii, T. Free Radic. Biol. Med. (2005) [Pubmed]
  17. Combined nasal challenge with diesel exhaust particles and allergen induces In vivo IgE isotype switching. Fujieda, S., Diaz-Sanchez, D., Saxon, A. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. (1998) [Pubmed]
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  19. Induction of heme oxygenase-1 expression in macrophages by diesel exhaust particle chemicals and quinones via the antioxidant-responsive element. Li, N., Venkatesan, M.I., Miguel, A., Kaplan, R., Gujuluva, C., Alam, J., Nel, A. J. Immunol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  20. Concentrations of major grass group 5 allergens in pollen grains and atmospheric particles: implications for hay fever and allergic asthma sufferers sensitized to grass pollen allergens. Schäppi, G.F., Taylor, P.E., Pain, M.C., Cameron, P.A., Dent, A.W., Staff, I.A., Suphioglu, C. Clin. Exp. Allergy (1999) [Pubmed]
  21. Deposition, metabolism, and excretion of 1-[14C]nitropyrene and 1-[14C]nitropyrene coated on diesel exhaust particles as influenced by exposure concentration. Bond, J.A., Sun, J.D., Medinsky, M.A., Jones, R.K., Yeh, H.C. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. (1986) [Pubmed]
  22. Airway inflammation following exposure to diesel exhaust: a study of time kinetics using induced sputum. Nordenhäll, C., Pourazar, J., Blomberg, A., Levin, J.O., Sandström, T., Adelroth, E. Eur. Respir. J. (2000) [Pubmed]
  23. Inhalation of diesel exhaust enhances allergen-related eosinophil recruitment and airway hyperresponsiveness in mice. Takano, H., Ichinose, T., Miyabara, Y., Shibuya, T., Lim, H.B., Yoshikawa, T., Sagai, M. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. (1998) [Pubmed]
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  25. Combined diesel exhaust particulate and ragweed allergen challenge markedly enhances human in vivo nasal ragweed-specific IgE and skews cytokine production to a T helper cell 2-type pattern. Diaz-Sanchez, D., Tsien, A., Fleming, J., Saxon, A. J. Immunol. (1997) [Pubmed]
  26. Oral toxicity of formaldehyde and its derivatives. Restani, P., Galli, C.L. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. (1991) [Pubmed]
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  28. The environmental pollutant pyrene induces the production of IL-4. Bömmel, H., Li-Weber, M., Serfling, E., Duschl, A. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. (2000) [Pubmed]
  29. Acute exposure to diesel exhaust increases IL-8 and GRO-alpha production in healthy human airways. Salvi, S.S., Nordenhall, C., Blomberg, A., Rudell, B., Pourazar, J., Kelly, F.J., Wilson, S., Sandström, T., Holgate, S.T., Frew, A.J. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (2000) [Pubmed]
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