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DEFB104A  -  defensin, beta 104A

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: BD-4, DEFB-4, DEFB104, DEFB4, hBD-4
 
 
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Disease relevance of DEFB104A

 

High impact information on DEFB104A

  • We show that a cluster of at least three antimicrobial beta-defensin genes (DEFB4, DEFB103, and DEFB104) at 8p23.1 are polymorphic in copy number, with a repeat unit >/=240 kb long [3].
  • The predicted peptides conserve the six-cysteine motif identical with hBD-4, termed hBD-5 and hBD-6 [4].
  • Synovial fluid proteins with the BD4 fibronectin epitope accounted for essentially all of the phagocytosis-enhancing activity and expressed this activity by opsonizing target activators [5].
  • When 20 micrograms of monoclonals CE9 and BD4 were each introduced before and after Er were opsonized with 180K-opFnf, monocyte ingestion was inhibited by 60 and 65% and by 51 and 60%, respectively [6].
  • A significant proportion of these genes are involved in pathways that regulate inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling, and they include matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 3, IL-8, human beta-defensin 4, and granzyme B [7].
 

Biological context of DEFB104A

 

Anatomical context of DEFB104A

  • mRNA expression of two recently described human beta-defensins (hBD-3 and hBD-4) in epithelial cells of normal small and large intestine and the impact of chronic intestinal inflammation on their expression levels was investigated [1].
  • We conclude that the chronic inflammatory reaction induced in the colon of UC patients enhances hBD-3 and hBD-4 mRNA expression in the epithelium, whereas in CD this is less evident [1].
  • This study evaluated the expression and regulation of beta-defensins DEFB-104 and the recently identified DEFB-105-14 in gingival keratinocytes [10].
 

Associations of DEFB104A with chemical compounds

  • The levels of hBD-4 peptides released from LPS-treated SAECs were higher than those of untreated control cells [2].
 

Other interactions of DEFB104A

  • Moreover, frequent polymorphisms located in DEFB4 and DEFB104 were not in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium in all populations studied, while those in DEFB1 were in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium [8].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of DEFB104A

References

  1. beta-Defensin-3 and -4 in intestinal epithelial cells display increased mRNA expression in ulcerative colitis. Fahlgren, A., Hammarstrom, S., Danielsson, A., Hammarstrom, M.L. Clin. Exp. Immunol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  2. Isolation of human beta-defensin-4 in lung tissue and its increase in lower respiratory tract infection. Yanagi, S., Ashitani, J., Ishimoto, H., Date, Y., Mukae, H., Chino, N., Nakazato, M. Respir. Res. (2005) [Pubmed]
  3. Extensive normal copy number variation of a beta-defensin antimicrobial-gene cluster. Hollox, E.J., Armour, J.A., Barber, J.C. Am. J. Hum. Genet. (2003) [Pubmed]
  4. Identification of multiple novel epididymis-specific beta-defensin isoforms in humans and mice. Yamaguchi, Y., Nagase, T., Makita, R., Fukuhara, S., Tomita, T., Tominaga, T., Kurihara, H., Ouchi, Y. J. Immunol. (2002) [Pubmed]
  5. Identification and characterization of opsonic fibronectin in synovial fluids of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Kay, J., Austen, K.F., Czop, J.K. Arthritis Rheum. (1991) [Pubmed]
  6. Characterization of the opsonic and monocyte adherence functions of the specific fibronectin fragment that enhances phagocytosis of particulate activators. Czop, J.K., Kadish, J.L., Zepf, D.M., Austen, K.F. J. Immunol. (1985) [Pubmed]
  7. Gene array expression profiling in acne lesions reveals marked upregulation of genes involved in inflammation and matrix remodeling. Trivedi, N.R., Gilliland, K.L., Zhao, W., Liu, W., Thiboutot, D.M. J. Invest. Dermatol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  8. Distribution of human beta-defensin polymorphisms in various control and cystic fibrosis populations. Vankeerberghen, A., Scudiero, O., De Boeck, K., Macek, M., Pignatti, P.F., Van Hul, N., Nuytten, H., Salvatore, F., Castaldo, G., Zemkova, D., Vavrova, V., Cassiman, J.J., Cuppens, H. Genomics (2005) [Pubmed]
  9. Method for preparing single-stranded DNA templates for Pyrosequencing using vector ligation and universal biotinylated primers. Groth, M., Huse, K., Reichwald, K., Taudien, S., Hampe, J., Rosenstiel, P., Birkenmeier, G., Schreiber, S., Platzer, M. Anal. Biochem. (2006) [Pubmed]
  10. Expression and regulation of novel human beta-defensins in gingival keratinocytes. Premratanachai, P., Joly, S., Johnson, G.K., McCray, P.B., Jia, H.P., Guthmiller, J.M. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. (2004) [Pubmed]
 
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