Disease relevance of Colitis, Ulcerative

• Therapeutic efficacy of sulfasalazine and its metabolites in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease [1].
• Oxazolone colitis, a Th2 colitis model resembling ulcerative colitis, is mediated by IL-13-producing NK-T cells [2].
• This observation suggests that zoster-immunoglobulin should be administered to patients exposed to varicella with ulcerative colitis who are receiving steroid therapy [3].
• Samples of adenocarcinoma, inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis), and normal mucin were treated with O-glycanase, the liberated disaccharide was separated from the glycoprotein and analyzed using dual CarboPac PA-100 column high performance anion-exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detection [4].
• In normal individuals it is uncommon to find IgG anti-p542, but among patients with progressive systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and ulcerative colitis high IgG anti-p542 (> 3 SD above the mean of normal 20-50 yr controls) occurred frequently [5].

Psychiatry related information on Colitis, Ulcerative

• Results suggest that although the resting rectal motor activity is diminished in patients with ulcerative colitis, luminal distension causes the inflamed rectum to generate abnormally strong contractions that may threaten continence [6].
• The prevalence of alexithymia was studied in a psychosomatic group consisting of 34 patients with duodenal ulcer, 35 patients with ulcerative colitis and 38 patients with irritable colon syndrome, and in a control group consisting of 29 patients with gallstone disease, 13 patients with inguinal hernia and 44 patients with varicose veins [7].
• Finally, recent developments in the therapeutic uses of nicotine and novel nicotinic agonists with schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Tourette's syndrome and ulcerative colitis are presented [8].
• Nicotine and nicotinic agonists may have a therapeutic potential for a variety of disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, depression, attention deficit disorder, Tourette's syndrome and ulcerative colitis [9].
• The aetiology of ulcerative colitis remains unknown, despite extensive research into likely causes, such as infections, diet, environmental factors, immunological or genetic defects, psychomotor disorders, and abnormalities of mucin [10].

High impact information on Colitis, Ulcerative

• Cyclosporine in severe ulcerative colitis [11].
• Transdermal nicotine as maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis [12].
• Cyclosporine in severe ulcerative colitis refractory to steroid therapy [13].
• Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. A randomized study [14].
• Sulfasalazine and salicylate-induced exacerbation of ulcerative colitis [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Colitis, Ulcerative

• Sulfasalazine-induced exacerbation of ulcerative colitis [16].
• Transdermal nicotine for active ulcerative colitis [17].
• We studied the therapeutic efficacy of sulfasalazine and its metabolites sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid in nine patients with Crohn's disease and in 23 patients with ulcerative colitis [1].
• Here we examined tissues from noncancerous colons of ulcerative colitis patients to determine (a) the activity of two base excision-repair enzymes, AAG, the major 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase, and APE1, the major apurinic site endonuclease; and (b) the prevalence of microsatellite instability (MSI) [18].
• To determine the efficacy of azathioprine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, a 6-month double blind trial was carried out [19].

Biological context of Colitis, Ulcerative

• In both males and females, the DR3 DQ2 haplotype was predictive of extensive ulcerative colitis (32.9% vs 10.7% in distal disease, p < 0.01, chi2 = 10.94, OR 4.09 [1.70-10.6]) but not of need for surgery (p = 0.93, chi2 = 0.01) [20].
• The genotype-specific disease risks conferred by heterozygous and homozygous mutant genotypes were 2.6 (95% CI 1.5-4.5) and 42.1 (4.3-infinity), respectively.Interpretation The insertion mutation in the NOD2 gene confers a substantially increased susceptibility to Crohn's disease but not to ulcerative colitis [21].
• Citrulline concentrations were significantly higher in rectal biopsy specimens from patients with active ulcerative colitis than in those from patients with quiescent disease or with normal histology [22].
• BACKGROUND & AIMS: The interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene allele 2 has been suggested as a determinant of both disease susceptibility and extent in ulcerative colitis [23].
• Loss of heterozygosity involving the tumor suppressor gene p53 occurs frequently in neoplastic ulcerative colitis lesions [24].

Anatomical context of Colitis, Ulcerative

• Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract that manifests as ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease [25].
• The selective reduction of species IV was also found in mucin isolated from relatively noninflamed colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis [26].
• Nonclassical CD1d-restricted NK T cells that produce IL-13 characterize an atypical Th2 response in ulcerative colitis [27].
• Levels of neutrophil binding by immunoglobulin G and titers of anti-neutrophil immunoglobulin G in sera from patients with ulcerative colitis and patients with ulcerative colitis post colectomy were each significantly greater than the levels and titers for normal controls and patients with a variety of other colitides and diarrheal illnesses [28].
• The high intensity of CD44v6 and v3 epitope expression on crypt epithelial cells in ulcerative colitis suggests that CD44 isoforms may have an important role in ulcerative colitis [29].

Gene context of Colitis, Ulcerative

• IL-7 transgenic but not littermate mice developed chronic colitis at 4-12 wk of age, with histopathological similarity to ulcerative colitis in humans [30].
• Here we examine the contribution of this susceptibility haplotype alone and in combination with CARD15 variants to CD subphenotypes and to susceptibility to ulcerative colitis (UC) [31].
• Impaired expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in ulcerative colitis [32].
• FINDINGS: In ulcerative colitis, the sharing of alleles among affected sibling pairs provided evidence for linkage with DRB1 locus (p = 0.017, chi2 = 5.32) [20].
• RESULTS: CD86 and CD80 messenger RNA was detected in isolated colonic epithelial cells from normal and inflamed mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Colitis, Ulcerative

• We treated 80 patients with ulcerative colitis in remission with either transdermal nicotine or placebo patches for six months in a randomized, double-blind study [12].
• Recently, type I interferons IFN-alpha and IFN-beta (IFN-alpha/beta) have been evaluated in pilot clinical trials for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis [34].
• Immunohistochemistry of normal, Crohn's colitis, and ulcerative colitis tissue showed equivalent COX-1 expression in epithelial cells in the lower half of the colonic crypts [35].
• A prospective blinded study comparing the indium 111 leukocyte scan to barium enema, colonoscopy, or surgery or a combination of these, was carried out in 15 patients (10 with active ulcerative colitis and 5 with active Crohn's colitis) [36].
• Paired immunofluorescence staining demonstrated reduced J-chain positivity of both immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1)- and IgA2-producing cells in colonic mucosa from patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's colitis compared with controls (p less than 0.002) [37].

References