Disease relevance of Gpld1

• In this report we examined the regulation of GPI-PLD secretion from beta TC3 cells, a mouse insulinoma cell line [1].
• With the onset of hyperglycemia (2- to 5-fold increase over nondiabetic levels), GPI-PLD serum activity and liver mRNA increased 2- to 4-fold in both models [2].

High impact information on Gpld1

• Glucose (16.7 mM) stimulated both GPI-PLD and insulin secretion from beta TC3 cells by 55% and 235%, respectively [1].
• Pancreatic islets have been reported to contain and secrete GPI-PLD [1].
• In addition, glucose potentiated the secretagogue effect of isobutylmethylxanthine, phorbol myristic acid, and glucagon-like peptide I on both insulin and GPI-PLD secretion [1].
• In the absence of glucose, phorbol myristic acid (0.1 microM) stimulated insulin secretion by 2.5-fold and GPI-PLD secretion by 2-fold [1].
• Carbachol (5 microM), glucagon-like peptide I-(7-36) amide (0.1 microM), and isobutylmethylxanthine (0.1 mM) had no significant effect on insulin or GPI-PLD secretion in the absence of glucose [1].

Biological context of Gpld1

• Using site-directed mutagenesis, detergent phase separation, and RNA interference approaches, we show that prostasin secretion depends on GPI anchor cleavage by endogenous GPI-specific phospholipase D1 (Gpld1) [3].
• The deduced amino acid sequence shows 74% homology to bovine and human GPI-PLD [4].
• There is a single structural gene (Gpld1) mapping to mouse Chromosome (Chr) 13, and among nine tissues, liver showed the greatest abundance of GPI-PLD mRNA [4].

Anatomical context of Gpld1

• We have isolated murine full-length cDNA for GPI-PLD from a pancreatic alpha cell library [4].

Associations of Gpld1 with chemical compounds

• Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D influences triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism [5].
• GPI-PLD serum activity and liver mRNA were examined in two mouse models of type 1 diabetes, a nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model and low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes in CD-1 mice [2].
• With Preparation B, octylglucoside treatment followed by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C or glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D completely solubilized the alkaline phosphatase activity [6].

Other interactions of Gpld1

• To test this hypothesis, we examined the distribution of GPI-PLD among lipoprotein classes during a fat tolerance test in C57BL/6 and LDL receptor-deficient (LDLR(-/-)) mice fed either a chow or high-fructose diet [5].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Gpld1

• By immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy, beta TC3 cells contain both insulin and GPI-PLD, which generally colocalized intracellularly [1].
• Conversely, islet expression of GPI-PLD was absent as determined by immunofluorescence [2].

References