Disease relevance of ADNP

• When incubated with pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, a neuronal model, VP22-ADNP was associated with the cells after a 25-min incubation period [1].
• Pre-incubation with VP22-ADNP enriched protein fractions protected against beta amyloid peptide toxicity and oxidative stress (H2O2) in PC12 cells [1].
• The hADNP gene was mapped to chromosome 20q12-13.2, a region associated with aggressive tumor growth, frequently amplified in many neoplasias, including breast, bladder, ovarian, pancreatic, and colon cancers. hADNP mRNA is abundantly expressed in distinct normal tissues, and high expression levels were encountered in malignant cells [2].

High impact information on ADNP

• Brain deficits associated with fetal alcohol exposure may be protected, in part, by peptides derived from activity-dependent neurotrophic factor and activity-dependent neuroprotective protein [3].
• Here, we disclose the cloning of human ADNP (hADNP) from a fetal brain cDNA library [2].
• The hADNP gene structure spans approximately 40 kilobases and includes five exons and four introns with alternative splicing of an untranslated second exon [2].
• Activity-dependent neurotrophic protein (ADNP) was discovered as a novel response gene for VIP and has neuroprotective potential [4].
• ADNP expression was previously shown to oscillate as a function of the estrus cycle in the mouse arcuate nucleus, these oscillations are now correlated with increased cellular protection [1].

Biological context of ADNP

• ADNP, a potential mediator of VIP-associated neuronal survival, and the new peptide, a potential lead compound for drug design, are discussed below [5].

Anatomical context of ADNP

• The expression of this molecule, activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), was augmented in the presence of VIP, in cerebral cortical astrocytes [5].
• The mRNA transcripts encoding ADNP were enriched in the mouse hippocampus and cerebellum [5].
• The human ADNP cDNA was sub-cloned into a vector that contains VP22, a Herpes virus protein that may allow penetration of fused proteins through cellular membranes [1].
• Recent development in the studies on activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) and activity-dependent neurotrophic factor (ADNF) and short peptide derivatives of these proteins, ADNF-9 and NAP suggest that these peptides are neurotrophic and promote neurite outgrowth [6].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ADNP

• When the VIP paralog, PACAP38 was added to mouse neuron-glia co-cultures, it induced ADNP mRNA expression in a bimodal fashion at subpico- and nanomolar concentrations with greater response at subpicomolar level [4].

References