Disease relevance of GK3P

• Glycerokinase from Cellulomonas sp. was used to develop biosensor based on flow calorimetry for quantitative analysis of glycerol during bioconversion process [1].

High impact information on GK3P

• This labeled ATP was used as a thiophosphoryl group donor in the reactions catalyzed by glycerol kinase (ATP:glycerol 3-phosphotransferase; EC 2.7.1.30) and by hexokinase (ATP:D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase; EC 2.7.1.1) [2].
• Niddm1i is a major glucose-controlling 16-Mb region in the diabetic GK rat that causes defective insulin secretion and corresponds to loci in humans and mice associated with type 2 diabetes [3].
• By contrast, a strain carrying the GK genotype proximally in Niddm1i exhibited both intact insulin release in response to high potassium and intact single-cell exocytosis, but insulin secretion was suppressed when stimulated by glucose [3].
• Congenic strains carrying the GK genotype distally in Niddm1i displayed reduced insulin secretion in response to both glucose and high potassium, as well as decreased single-cell exocytosis [3].
• The rate of glycerol-dependent ATP-consumption in a system consisting of glycerokinase, ATP, luciferin, and luciferase was determined kinetically as a decrease of the ATP-induced luminescence and used for calculation of the concentration of glycerol [4].

Biological context of GK3P

• Thus SLC37A1 mutations may cause a phenotype similar to GK deficiency [5].
• We analyzed the genome of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster and identified five GK orthologs, including two loci with sequence homology to the mammalian Xp21 GK protein [6].

Associations of GK3P with chemical compounds

• Glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P) is produced by glycerol kinase (GK) and is found in several biochemical pathways in different cellular compartments, such as the glycerol phosphate shuttle and glycerophospholipid synthesis [5].
• The new gamma-phosphate is hydrolyzed to Pi by using glycerokinase and D-glyceraldehyde [7].
• Effective cGMP-dependence was tested in rings pretreated with soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitors {either 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) or LY-83583} or G kinase inhibitor (KT-5823), and a thiol reductant [dithiothreitol (DTT)] was used to test reversibility of S-nitrosylation [8].
• Results are compared with determinations made by the solution method that uses the three enzymes glycerokinase, pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase [9].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of GK3P

• Using a combination of sequence analysis and evolutionary comparisons of orthologs between species, we characterized functional domains in the protein required for GK activity [6].

References