Disease relevance of WIBG

• The body weight loss of PSO treated tumor-bearing mice was 5%, whereas that of PYM treated ones 13.3% (P < 0.01) [1].
• In this study, cell death induced by PYM was studied in a human squamous cell carcinoma cell line (KB cells) [2].
• The antitumour antibiotic pingyangmycin (PYM; bleomycin A5) was isolated from many components of bleomycin (BLM) produced by Streptomyces pingyangensisn [3].

High impact information on WIBG

• Mago residues involved in the interaction with PYM have been implicated in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) [4].
• Results: Our results indicated that verapamil can enhance the cytotoxicity of PYM against KB cells with the non-toxic doses (P < 0.05) [5].
• Conclusions: Verapamil was found to enhance PYM-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in KB cells [5].
• Methods: Cytotoxicity, flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation assays were used to detect the interaction of verapamil and PYM in human oral carcinoma cell line KB cells [5].
• In addition, because of the synergistic effect of verapamil, KB cells apoptosis was found to be induced when treated with a lower concentration of PYM (50 mug ml(-1)) for 24 h by flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation assays [5].

Biological context of WIBG

• At high concentrations, PYM can be considered as an apoptosis mimetic drug [5].
• The cell viability at a concentration of 500 mug ml(-1) of PYM was 35 +/- 2% compared with control and 10 mug ml(-1) verapamil decreased the cell viability lower to 28 +/- 1% [5].
• Our results indicate that the effect of PYM significantly inhibits the cell growth, colonyforming ability, and DNA synthesis of KB cells in a dose-dependent manner [3].
• In addition, we used the DNA precipitation assay, a simple and rapid assay, for detecting DNA damage caused by PYM on cultured KB cells for potential genotoxicity [3].
• Our results indicate that KB cells displayed an arrest in the G(2)-M phase of the cell cycle and became enlarged and polynucleated before dying at the low concentrations of PYM [2].

Anatomical context of WIBG

• In this study, we explored the possibility that the membrane-modifying agent verapamil might affect the transport function of PYM through the plasma membrane, resulting in inducing apoptosis of tumor cells at low concentration of PYM [5].

Associations of WIBG with chemical compounds

• The temperature at the tumor margin was 43 degrees C to 44 degrees C, whereas at the middle luminal surface of tumor it reached at 44 degrees C to 48.5 degrees C. Chemotherapy was with bleomycin (PYM) 20 mg/session, intramuscularly (IM) and cisplatin (DDP) 1.0 to 1.5 mg/kg/session intravenously (IV) [6].
• Objectives: Previous studies have shown that pingyangmycin (PYM; bleomycin A5) can induce two distinct modes of cell death (necrosis, apoptosis) [5].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of WIBG

• Immunoprecipitation and tandem affinity purification from whole cell extracts detected a subtle interaction between the Arabidopsis Mago-Y14 heterodimer and PYM in flowers, indicating that the ternary complex is not abundant in plant cells [7].

References