High impact information on ISW2

• We have found that S. cerevisiae Isw2 complex represses transcription of early meiotic genes during mitotic growth in a parallel pathway to Rpd3-Sin3 histone deacetylase complex [1].
• The Isw2 chromatin remodeling complex represses early meiotic genes upon recruitment by Ume6p [1].
• Isw2 ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling activity is targeted to early meiotic and MATa-specific gene promoters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [2].
• TFIIIB subunit Bdp1p is required for periodic integration of the Ty1 retrotransposon and targeting of Isw2p to S. cerevisiae tDNAs [3].
• ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling by Isw2 upstream of tRNA genes leads to changes in chromatin structure and Ty1 integration site selection [3].

Biological context of ISW2

• This demonstrates that the ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling activities are essential for the in vivo functions of both ISW1 and ISW2 complexes [4].
• Using the single-cell method developed in this study, we demonstrate that without Pol epsilon and ISW2/yCHRAC, the epigenetic states of the telomere are frequently switched [5].
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene ISW2 encodes a microtubule-interacting protein required for premeiotic DNA replication [6].
• A molecular genetic characterization of the ORF YOR304W (ISW2), identified in a screen of a yeast lambdagt11 library using a monoclonal antibody that reacts with a 210 kDa mammalian microtubule-interacting protein, is presented in this paper [6].
• ISW2 expression from a multicopy plasmid had the same effect as deletion, but ISW2 expression from a centromeric plasmid rescued the deletion phenotype [6].

Anatomical context of ISW2

• In vegetatively growing diploid cells, the Isw2 protein was preferentially found in the cytoplasm, co-localizing with microtubules [6].

Associations of ISW2 with chemical compounds

• The gene products of ITC1 and ISW2 are known to constitute a chromatin-remodeling complex (T. Tsukiyama, J. Palmer, C. C. Landel, J. Shiloach, and C. Wu, Genes Dev. 13:686--697, 1999) [7].
• Hydroxyl radical footprinting revealed that ISW2 not only extensively interacts with the linker DNA, but also approaches the nucleosome from the side perpendicular to the axis of the DNA superhelix and contacts two disparate sites on the nucleosomal DNA from opposite sides of the superhelix [8].
• Inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) inhibits nucleosome mobilization by NURF, ISW2, and INO80 complexes [9].

Physical interactions of ISW2

• The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Isw2p-Itc1p complex represses INO1 expression and maintains cell morphology [7].
• The absence of the Isw2p-Itc1p chromatin-remodelling complex induces mating type-specific and Flo11p-independent invasive growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae [10].
• We exploited the fact that Ssn6-Tup1 requires the ISW2 chromatin remodeling complex to establish nucleosome positioning in vivo to disrupt chromatin structure without affecting other Tup1 repression functions [11].
• Transcriptional analyses reveal that the Isw2 complex requires Dls1p to various degrees at a wide variety of loci in vivo [12].

Other interactions of ISW2

• Ssn6-Tup1 requires the ISW2 complex to position nucleosomes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [13].
• These data suggest that the Isw2 complex functions at Ume6-dependent and -independent loci to create DNase I-inaccessible chromatin structure by regulating the positioning or placement of nucleosomes [14].
• We find that the Isw2 complex functions mainly in repression of transcription in a parallel pathway with the Sin3-Rpd3 complex [14].
• Widespread collaboration of Isw2 and Sin3-Rpd3 chromatin remodeling complexes in transcriptional repression [14].
• Histone fold protein Dls1p is required for Isw2-dependent chromatin remodeling in vivo [12].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ISW2

• To identify the full range of genes repressed or activated by these factors and uncover hidden targets of Isw2-dependent regulation, we performed full genome expression analyses using cDNA microarrays [14].
• Using indirect-end-label and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis, we show both independent and cooperative Isw1p- and Isw2p-mediated positioning of short nucleosome arrays in gene-regulatory elements at a variety of transcription units in vivo [15].

References