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Gene Review:

RTT107 - Rtt107p

Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c

Synonyms: ESC4, Establishes silent chromatin protein 4, Regulator of Ty1 transposition protein 107, YHR154W

Zappulla, D.C. et al., Rouse, J., Chin, J.K. et al., Roberts, T.M. et al., Baldwin, E.L. et al.

Rouse, Zappulla, Maharaj, Connelly, Jockusch, Sternglanz,

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Disease relevance of RTT107

Mutation of Esc4p SQ/TQ motifs phosphorylated by Mec1p or mutation of the BRCT domains of Esc4p also renders cells unable to restart DNA replication after DNA damage and causes hypersensitivity to genotoxins [1].

High impact information on RTT107

Here it is reported that Esc4p is phosphorylated by Mec1p in response to DNA damage during DNA replication and that cells lacking Esc4p are hypersensitive to DNA damage specifically during S phase [1].
Esc4p is not required for the intra-S-phase checkpoint but is essential for resumption of chromosome replication after DNA damage, and its role in promoting restart appears to be distinct from that of Rad53p [1].
Slx4 regulates DNA damage checkpoint-dependent phosphorylation of the BRCT domain protein Rtt107/Esc4 [2].
However, the function of Esc4 does not appear to be restricted to a Rad55-dependent process, as we observed an increase in sensitivity to the DNA alkylating agent methane methylsulfonate (MMS) in a esc4Deltarad55Delta mutant, as well as in double mutants of esc4Delta and other recombination genes, compared to the corresponding single mutants [3].
CONCLUSION: Rtt107/Esc4 binds to the silencing protein Sir3 and the DNA repair protein Slx4 via different BRCT motifs, thus providing a bridge linking silent chromatin to DNA repair enzymes [4].

Biological context of RTT107

MMS22 is epistatic with RTT101 and RTT107, genes that encode its protein binding partners [5].
RTT107 (ESC4, YHR154W) encodes a BRCA1 C-terminal-domain protein that is important for recovery from DNA damage during S phase [2].
Rtt107/Esc4 binds silent chromatin and DNA repair proteins using different BRCT motifs [4].
BACKGROUND: By screening a plasmid library for proteins that could cause silencing when targeted to the HMR locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we previously reported the identification of Rtt107/Esc4 based on its ability to establish silent chromatin [4].

Associations of RTT107 with chemical compounds

Deletion of RTT107/ESC4 caused sensitivity to the DNA damaging agent MMS as well as to hydroxyurea [4].

Physical interactions of RTT107

A two-hybrid screen showed that the N-terminal BRCT motifs of Rtt107/Esc4 bound to Slx4, a protein previously shown to be involved in DNA repair and required for viability in a strain lacking the DNA helicase Sgs1 [4].

Other interactions of RTT107

These results identify Esc4p as an important new S-phase-specific target of Mec1p [1].

References

Esc4p, a new target of Mec1p (ATR), promotes resumption of DNA synthesis after DNA damage. Rouse, J. EMBO J. (2004) [Pubmed]
Slx4 regulates DNA damage checkpoint-dependent phosphorylation of the BRCT domain protein Rtt107/Esc4. Roberts, T.M., Kobor, M.S., Bastin-Shanower, S.A., Ii, M., Horte, S.A., Gin, J.W., Emili, A., Rine, J., Brill, S.J., Brown, G.W. Mol. Biol. Cell (2006) [Pubmed]
Esc4/Rtt107 and the control of recombination during replication. Chin, J.K., Bashkirov, V.I., Heyer, W.D., Romesberg, F.E. DNA Repair (Amst.) (2006) [Pubmed]
Rtt107/Esc4 binds silent chromatin and DNA repair proteins using different BRCT motifs. Zappulla, D.C., Maharaj, A.S., Connelly, J.J., Jockusch, R.A., Sternglanz, R. BMC Mol. Biol. (2006) [Pubmed]
Mms22p protects Saccharomyces cerevisiae from DNA damage induced by topoisomerase II. Baldwin, E.L., Berger, A.C., Corbett, A.H., Osheroff, N. Nucleic Acids Res. (2005) [Pubmed]

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AGOS_ADL145C	Ashbya gossypii ATCC 10895
KLLA0E15621g	Kluyveromyces lactis NRRL Y-1140

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