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Gene Review

lpxL  -  lauryl-acyl carrier protein (ACP)...

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

Synonyms: ECK1039, JW1041, htrB, waaM
 
 
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Disease relevance of lpxL

  • Sequencing, mutational analysis, and transcriptional regulation of the Escherichia coli htrB gene [1].
  • Mutation of the htrB locus of Haemophilus influenzae nontypable strain 2019 is associated with modifications of lipid A and phosphorylation of the lipo-oligosaccharide [2].
  • The htrB mutants initially showed temperature sensitivity, but they lost the sensitivity after a few passages at 30 degrees C and were able to grow at 37 degrees C. They also showed hypersensitivity to deoxycholate and kanamycin, which persisted on passage [2].
  • Mutation of the htrB gene in a virulent Salmonella typhimurium strain by intergeneric transduction: strain construction and phenotypic characterization [3].
  • The htrB gene product of Haemophilus influenzae contributes to the toxicity of the lipooligosaccharide [3].
 

High impact information on lpxL

  • Membranes from the lpxP mutant MKV11 grown at 12 degrees C lacked the cold-induced palmitoleoyltransferase present in membranes of cold-shocked wild type cells but retained normal levels of the constitutive lauroyltransferase encoded by lpxL [4].
  • Recently, a gene displaying 54% identity and 73% similarity at the protein level to lpxL was found in the genome of E. coli [5].
  • Mass spectrometric analysis of the lipid A of the htrB mutant indicated a loss of one or both myristic acid substitutions [2].
  • In order to study the function of the HtrB protein in Haemophilus, we generated two isogenic htrB mutants by shuttle mutagenesis using a mini-Tn3 [2].
  • The Escherichia coli htrB gene was originally discovered because its insertional inactivation led to an exquisitely temperature-sensitive phenotype in rich media, i.e. the ability to form colonies at temperatures below 32 degrees C, but not above 33 degrees C. The htrB gene has been sequenced [1].
 

Biological context of lpxL

 

Associations of lpxL with chemical compounds

 

Other interactions of lpxL

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of lpxL

  • Northern blot analysis clearly shows that the monocistronic htrB message is not under heat-shock regulation [1].
  • Immunoblotting analysis also showed that the LOS from the htrB mutants lost reactivity to a monoclonal antibody, 6E4, which binds to the wild type NTHi 2019 LOS [2].

References

  1. Sequencing, mutational analysis, and transcriptional regulation of the Escherichia coli htrB gene. Karow, M., Georgopoulos, C. Mol. Microbiol. (1991) [Pubmed]
  2. Mutation of the htrB locus of Haemophilus influenzae nontypable strain 2019 is associated with modifications of lipid A and phosphorylation of the lipo-oligosaccharide. Lee, N.G., Sunshine, M.G., Engstrom, J.J., Gibson, B.W., Apicella, M.A. J. Biol. Chem. (1995) [Pubmed]
  3. Mutation of the htrB gene in a virulent Salmonella typhimurium strain by intergeneric transduction: strain construction and phenotypic characterization. Sunshine, M.G., Gibson, B.W., Engstrom, J.J., Nichols, W.A., Jones, B.D., Apicella, M.A. J. Bacteriol. (1997) [Pubmed]
  4. An Escherichia coli mutant lacking the cold shock-induced palmitoleoyltransferase of lipid A biosynthesis: absence of unsaturated acyl chains and antibiotic hypersensitivity at 12 degrees C. Vorachek-Warren, M.K., Carty, S.M., Lin, S., Cotter, R.J., Raetz, C.R. J. Biol. Chem. (2002) [Pubmed]
  5. Effect of cold shock on lipid A biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. Induction At 12 degrees C of an acyltransferase specific for palmitoleoyl-acyl carrier protein. Carty, S.M., Sreekumar, K.R., Raetz, C.R. J. Biol. Chem. (1999) [Pubmed]
  6. Isolation and characterization of the Escherichia coli htrB gene, whose product is essential for bacterial viability above 33 degrees C in rich media. Karow, M., Fayet, O., Cegielska, A., Ziegelhoffer, T., Georgopoulos, C. J. Bacteriol. (1991) [Pubmed]
  7. Modification of lipid A biosynthesis in Neisseria meningitidis lpxL mutants: influence on lipopolysaccharide structure, toxicity, and adjuvant activity. van der Ley, P., Steeghs, L., Hamstra, H.J., ten Hove, J., Zomer, B., van Alphen, L. Infect. Immun. (2001) [Pubmed]
 
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