Disease relevance of Heart Massage

• Ventricular fibrillation was observed in 7 animals and never occurred after ambasilide (p < 0.001); however, 4 (57%) of these cats had sustained ventricular tachycardia requiring cardiac massage [1].
• The effect of epinephrine and norepinephrine on cerebral oxygen delivery and consumption after five minutes of cardiopulmonary arrest and three minutes of open-chest cardiac massage was studied in 21 pigs [2].
• Resuscitation was performed using open-chest heart massage, bretylium for ventricular tachycardia, and epinephrine with atropine for electromechanical dissociation and bradycardia [3].
• A few minutes after the protamine administration was started, he suddenly developed a severe hypotension necessitating cardiac massage and recannulation for pump assistance [4].

High impact information on Heart Massage

• After 6 mins, the animals were resuscitated by external cardiac massage combined with defibrillation and divided into two groups (BDNF vs. placebo) [5].
• After 6 min, animals were resuscitated by controlled ventilation, extrathoracic cardiac massage, epinephrine, and electrical countershocks [6].
• Compared with controls at 30 mins after initiation of cardiac massage, concentrations of C3a, SC5b-9, and PMN elastase were increased in patients without and in those with restoration of spontaneous circulation [7].
• Resuscitation was attempted with artificial ventilation, closed chest cardiac massage, and one of four iv drug protocols: dopamine, 40 mg; epinephrine, 1 mg; dobutamine, 50 mg; or no drug [8].
• In group 3 (n = 6), heparin sodium (1000 U/kg) was administered intravenously 10 minutes after death, then closed-chest cardiac massage was performed for 2 minutes [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Heart Massage

• Resuscitation was performed using open chest heart massage, bretylium for treatment of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, and epinephrine with atropine for treatment of electromechanical dissociation or asystole [10].

Anatomical context of Heart Massage

• Distal propulsion of a 28 mm umbrella filter from vena cava to femoral vein occurred in a 75-year-old woman during external cardiac massage [11].

Associations of Heart Massage with chemical compounds

• After this treatment and 5 min of asphyxial arrest, all animals received closed chest cardiac massage (CCCM), artificial ventilation (AR), and epinephrine, 1 mg, iv [12].
• The patient was treated with cardiac massage, sympathomimetics and cortisone, and made a complete recovery [13].
• The dogs were randomized to receive either 20 mg of methoxamine as a single intravenous bolus or repeated boluses of 0.02 mg/kg of epinephrine, 0.2 mg/kg of epinephrine, or normal saline solution placebo beginning at three minutes following induction of VF and initiation of closed chest cardiac massage (CCCM) [14].
• Treatment consisted of i.v. atropine in 16 cases, and in four cases external cardiac massage or a precordial thump was also given [15].
• Our results indicate that the absorption of tracheal lidocaine during natural circulation results in a cerebrum-to-cerebrospinal fluid lidocaine ratio of 1.2 or more, whereas absorption during artificial circulation by cardiac massage gives a ratio of 1.0 or less [16].

Gene context of Heart Massage

• Distal migration of vena cava umbrella during cardiac massage [17].
• In 10 dogs CCCM resulted in the lowest cardiac index (CI), mean arterial pressure (MBP), and carotid blood flow (CBF) of all cardiac massage techniques tested [18].
• (Kouwenhoven W, Jude JR, Knickerbocker GG. Closed-chest cardiac massage. JAMA. 1960; 173:1064-7) [19].
• Open, direct cardiac massage (OCM), as a technique of resuscitation has not been very inspiring due to its various limitations [20].

References