Disease relevance of Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch

• Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle is both impaired in individuals with type II diabetes mellitus and positively correlated with the percentage of slow- versus fast-twitch muscle fibers [1].
• Fish fed the lowest level of alpha-tocopherol showed no gross signs of vitamin deficiency but histological examination revealed necrosis of white muscle fibers and ceroids in liver blood vessels [2].
• Concurrent to the preservation of motor nerve terminal structure under conditions of denervation, triamcinolone also induced myopathies in the diaphragm, the white muscle fibers being predominantly affected [3].

High impact information on Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch

• Aberrant regulation of nNOS may contribute to preferential degeneration of fast-twitch muscle fibers in DMD [4].
• We report a method that allows us to determine the diffusion coefficient of native myoglobin in intact and mechanically unaffected red muscle fibers [5].
• Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), an evolutionarily conserved glycolytic enzyme, is constitutively expressed in most cell types yet is induced to high levels during the development of fast twitch muscle fibers [6].
• Here, we describe an additional member of the calsarcin family, calsarcin-3, which is expressed specifically in skeletal muscle and is enriched in fast-twitch muscle fibers [7].
• The more significant coordinated expression was found in muscle from patients with the MELAS, myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers, and chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia deletion syndromes, with ragged red muscle fibers and mitochondrial paracrystalline inclusions [8].

Biological context of Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch

• Dynamic MR longitudinal R(1) relaxometry after administration of a gadolinium contrast bolus (Gd-DTPA) has been used for in vivo measurements of the extracellular volume fraction (v) and the capillary permeability (k min(-1)) in rabbit muscles to distinguish between red slow- and white fast-twitch muscle fiber types [9].

Anatomical context of Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch

• The three-dimensional arrangement of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in the red muscle fiber was studied both in thick sections of the rat diaphragm fixed in glutaraldehyde and impregnated with uranyl acetate followed by lead and copper citrate, and in thin sections of glutaraldehyde fixed tissue treated with ferrocyanide-reduced osmium [10].

Associations of Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch with chemical compounds

• Our results show that neural information, or the consequences of it, is required to maintain the levels and rates of synthesis of glycolytic enzymes but not of creatine-P kinase in mature fast-twitch muscle fibers [11].
• We have studied the in vivo effect of D,L-propranolol (a nonselective beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agent) on T3-induced enhancement of in situ proteolysis in fast twitch muscle fibers of the rat [12].
• In keeping with previous data, tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor was 2.5-fold greater in red muscle than white muscle; however, under these conditions, receptor kinase activity was unmodified in preparations from pregnant rats in red and white muscle fibers [13].
• Histological signs in the alpha-tocopherol-deficient fish included extreme atrophy and necrosis of white muscle fibers, sclerotic glomeruli in the posterior kidney and ceroid-laden macrophages in intrahepatic blood vessels [2].
• Moreover, hexarelin restored the firing capacity of fast-twitch muscle fibers, as did GH in previous studies [14].

Gene context of Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch

• Acceleration of the contraction-relaxation cycle of fast-twitch muscle fibers by PV may confer an advantage in the performance of rapid, phasic movements [15].
• In man there does not appear to be any correlation between CAIII levels and the proportion of red and white muscle fibers [16].
• 2. The muscular part of the bag1 was modeled as a slow twitch, that of the bag2 as a fast twitch muscle fiber [17].
• The Ca2+-binding parvalbumin (PV) is possibly involved in the relaxation of fast-twitch muscle fibers and believed to be a marker for early muscular disturbances [18].
• When the SDH method was used, red, tonic, intermediate, and white muscle fibers were easily observed [19].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch

• In conclusions, 42 h of immobilization markedly impairs glucose clearance of resting red muscle fibers in vivo [20].

References