Disease relevance of Retinoscopy

• The spherical equivalent refractive error was measured by cycloplegic retinoscopy (cyclopentolate 1%) [1].
• Almost all of this subgroup with +1.00 or greater hyperopia had an initial cyclopentolate retinoscopy of +2.00 diopters or more [2].
• The comparison of cyclopentolate and atropine in patients with refractive accommodative esotropia by means of retinoscopy, autorefractometry and biometric lens thickness [3].

High impact information on Retinoscopy

• The prevalence of myopia was 3.3% in 5-year-olds with retinoscopy and 5.7% with autorefraction [4].
• Compared to the paired open eye, lid-sutured eyes were myopic (-12.1 +/- 6.3 diopters by retinoscopy), corneas were flatter (0.26 +/- 0.18 mm radius increase by photokeratometry) and axial lengths were greater (0.32 +/- 0.17 mm longer by A-scan ultrasonography) [5].
• Therefore, retinoscopy using atropine cycloplegia becomes even more important in this population [2].
• Retinoscopy in infants using a near noncycloplegic technique, cycloplegia with tropicamide 1%, and cycloplegia with cyclopentolate 1% [6].
• High myopia was defined as one or both eyes demonstrating 6 dioptres spherical equivalent or more of myopic refractive error on retinoscopy [7].

Chemical compound and disease context of Retinoscopy

• Forty-one patients with esodeviation (82 eyes) were subjected first to 1% tropicamide and retinoscopy and then to retinoscopy after the use of 0.5% to 1% atropine sulfate in children with esodeviation up to the age of 5 years [8].

Biological context of Retinoscopy

• Visual acuity measurements, cycloplegic retinoscopy, cycloplegic autorefraction, ocular motility evaluation, and examination of the external eye, anterior segment, media, and fundus were done from April through August 1998 [9].

Anatomical context of Retinoscopy

• CONCLUSIONS: Cyclopentolate represents a valuable aid in performing retinoscopy in healthy subjects who have an anterior chamber with adequate depth and an open angle [10].

Associations of Retinoscopy with chemical compounds

• The mean spherical equivalent, determined by cyclopentolate retinoscopy, for the entire group was--2.9 diopters and did not change significantly with age [11].
• Using infrared neutralizing video retinoscopy and static photoretinoscopy we found a lower-field myopia to be absent in the barn owl (Tyto alba), Swainson's hawk (Buteo swainsonii), Cooper's hawk (Accipiter cooperi) and American kestrel (Falco sparverius) [12].
• Cycloplegia was achieved using two drops of tropicamide 1%, and retinoscopy was performed after residual accommodation had decreased to <2 D [13].
• We compared the cycloplegic effects of cyclopentolate, homatropine and atropine by the retinoscopy findings and residual accommodation left following their use in the same individual [14].
• On the basis of routine clinical findings taken on a group of 100 patients serving as subjects in the Houston Myopia Control study, a three-way comparison was made between retinoscopy, subjective, and Dioptron Nova refractive findings [15].

Gene context of Retinoscopy

• Three-way comparison of retinoscopy, subjective, and Dioptron Nova refractive findings [15].
• Myopic sphere and spherical equivalent values were recorded more frequently with the WASS than with the NAR or refined retinoscopy [16].
• Simultaneous two flash static photoskiascopy. A simple method for screening of children with strabismus or high refractive errors by simultaneous static photographic skiascopy of the horizontal and vertical meridian of both eyes and the documentation of the corneal and fundus reflexes in one photograph [17].
• CCD-based retinoscopy was performed on subjects with known aberrations [18].
• Measurements of tonic accommodation (TA) were made on 25 subjects using He-Ne laser optometry (HNL), infra-red optometry (IR) and near retinoscopy (NR) under darkroom conditions [19].

References