Disease relevance of Mycobacteria, Atypical

• Win 42122-2 was as active as gentamicin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis but was less active than gentamicin or amikacin against atypical mycobacteria [1].
• Control of the Bcg gene of early resistance in mice to infections with BCG substrains and atypical mycobacteria [2].
• This preliminary data indicates that a combined treatment of Amikacin and surgery in extensive cases may be useful in the treatment of cervical lymphadenitis due to atypical mycobacteria [3].

High impact information on Mycobacteria, Atypical

• Atypical mycobacteria were poorly susceptible to EPM, but the combination with DDS was synergistic and active at concentrations most probably achievable in biological fluids (MICs from 0.25 +/- 4.75 to 4 + 76 micrograms/ml) [4].
• Recent reports have shown that roxithromycin possesses significant activity against atypical mycobacteria, including the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), and that its extracellular anti-MAC activity is further enhanced in two- or three-drug combinations with ethambutol, rifampin, amikacin, ofloxacin, and clofazimine [5].
• Roxithromycin has recently been shown to possess significant in vitro activity against a variety of atypical mycobacteria such as the M. avium complex, M. scrofulaceum, M. szulgai, M. malmoense, M. xenopi, M. marinum, and M. kansasii and rare pathogens like M. chelonei and M. fortuitum [6].
• Immune response to atypical mycobacteria: immunocompetence of heavily infected mice measured in vivo fails to substantiate immunosuppression data obtained in vitro [7].
• OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between childhood atopy or allergic disease and previous infection with four species of atypical mycobacteria [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of Mycobacteria, Atypical

• Furthermore, high MIC90S of the quinolones and macrolides (2.0 to 8.0 mg/L) were obtained for clinical isolates of atypical mycobacteria, with the exception of clarithromycin against M. kansasii (MIC90 = 1.0 mg/L) and sparfloxacin against M. scrofulaceum (MIC90 = 1.0 mg/L) [9].
• A panel of 130 isolates of mycobacteria including 33 M. tuberculosis isolates and 97 isolates of different species of atypical mycobacteria were analysed for susceptibility to grepafloxacin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin [10].
• PAS reaction stains phagocytosed atypical mycobacteria in paraffin sections [11].
• Both a p-nitrobenzoic acid (PNB) test and a commercially-prepared p-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxypropiophenone (NAP) test successfully differentiated M. tuberculosis and M. bovis from "atypical" mycobacteria or mycobacteria other than tubercle bacilli (MOTT) [12].
• The therapeutic regimen was based on previous experience with other rapidly growing atypical mycobacteria, and included removal of the Tenckhoff catheter, institution of hemodialysis, and anti-mycobacterial therapy with amikacin, cefoxitin, and doxycycline [13].

Gene context of Mycobacteria, Atypical

• Patients with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and immunodeficiency, which is caused by mutations in NEMO and IKBA, have sparse hair, dry skin, and conical teeth and are at increased risk of severe infections caused by pyogenic bacteria and atypical mycobacteria [14].
• The clinician therefore should maintain a high index of suspicion for atypical mycobacteria in a patient presenting with skeletal infection in the setting of a markedly depressed CD4 count [15].
• Detection and characterization of atypical mycobacteria by the polymerase chain reaction [16].
• Of the isolates, 42 were Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI), five were M tuberculosis (MTB), and the remaining four comprised a variety of atypical mycobacteria [17].
• Children reacting to PPD RT23 had probably not been infected by M. tuberculosis but more likely by atypical mycobacteria [18].

References