Disease relevance of HSDB 628

• A possible relationship of 3-methylbutanal to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy is suggested [1].
• CONCLUSION: Screening of 72 strains belonging to the genus Lactococcus in quadruple on the production of the key-flavour compound 3-methylbutanal illustrated the effectiveness of the method [2].
• Oral leucine feeding resulted in significant increases in plasma 3-methylbutanal concentrations in both control subjects and patients with cirrhosis [3].
• Various microorganisms, belonging to the genera Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, Bifidobacterium, Propionibacterium, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium and Arthrobacter, used in dairy fermentations such as cheese making, were analysed for their potential to convert leucine into flavour components, most notably 3-methylbutanal [4].
• The concentration of isovaleraldehyde during the course of hepatic encephalopathy (80 observations in 48 patients; 25 cirrhotic, 23 fulminant hepatic failure) was significantly increased compared to control subjects (0.58 +/- 0.08 compared to 0.17 +/- 0.02 mol/l; p less than 0.001) [5].

High impact information on HSDB 628

• Binding of isovaleraldehyde, an attractant, to zoospores of the fungus Phytophthora palmivora in relation to zoospore chemotaxis [6].
• The presence of 3-methylbutanal is related to leucine, a branched-chain amino acid linked with hepatic encephalopathy [7].
• Therefore these studies examined the possible source and site of synthesis of 3-methylbutanal and its effect on the central nervous system of adult rats [1].
• Spoilage flavors were partly contributed by 3-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methylbutanal, which can be measured by the electronic nose and are suggested as quality indicators for objectively assessing the ripening of roe [8].
• Fermentation of suspensions of both flours with lactic acid bacteria did not generate new odorants; however, many compounds, such as acetic acid or 3-methylbutanal, were increased, whereas aldehydes (formed from the degradation of unsaturated fatty acids) were decreased [9].

Biological context of HSDB 628

• Broad substrate specificity was observed and Km values for propionaldehyde, acetaldehyde and isovaleraldehyde were 1.7 - 10(-5), 4 - 10(-5) and 3 - 10(-5) M, respectively [10].

Associations of HSDB 628 with other chemical compounds

• 3. 3-Methylbutanal is a normal component of rat plasma: it may be derived in part from colonic bacterial breakdown of leucine and may influence central nervous system function [1].

References