Disease relevance of Phytophthora

• RNA blot analyses revealed accumulation of divinyl ether synthase transcripts both upon infiltration of potato leaves with Pseudomonas syringae and after infection with Phytophthora infestans [1].
• Bacillus cereus UW85 produces a novel aminopolyol antibiotic, zwittermicin A, that contributes to the ability of UW85 to suppress damping-off of alfalfa caused by Phytophthora medicaginis [2].
• METHODS AND RESULTS: Antifungal and antioomycete activities of aminoglycoside antibiotics (neomycin, paromomycin, ribostamycin and streptomycin) and a paromomycin-producing strain (Streptomyces sp. AMG-P1) against Phytophthora and Pythium species and 10 common fungi were measured in potato dextrose broth (PDB) and on seedlings in pots [3].

Psychiatry related information on Phytophthora

• The effect of 6-benzylaminopurine on polymethoxyflavone levels in tangelo Nova fruits and the possible participation of these secondary metabolites in defense mechanisms against Phytophthora citrophthora are studied [4].

High impact information on Phytophthora

• Differential induction and suppression of potato 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase genes in response to Phytophthora infestans and to its elicitor arachidonic acid [5].
• Gene-specific probes corresponding to different HMGR genes (hmg1 and hmg2) were used to study HMGR expression in potato tissue following treatment with methyl jasmonate, a lipoxygenase product of linolenic acid, or arachidonic acid, an elicitor present in the lipids of the potato late blight fungus Phytophthora infestans [6].
• This led to the discovery of two novel necrosis-inducing cDNAs, crn1 and crn2, encoding extracellular proteins that belong to a large and complex protein family in Phytophthora [7].
• A Kazal-like extracellular serine protease inhibitor from Phytophthora infestans targets the tomato pathogenesis-related protease P69B [8].
• Phytotoxic protein PcF, purification, characterization, and cDNA sequencing of a novel hydroxyproline-containing factor secreted by the strawberry pathogen Phytophthora cactorum [9].

Chemical compound and disease context of Phytophthora

• Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea bacteria or zoospores of the fungus Phytophthora sojae were used to trigger a hypersensitive reaction (HR) in cell cultures of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr. cv. Williams 82) [10].

Biological context of Phytophthora

• Binding of isovaleraldehyde, an attractant, to zoospores of the fungus Phytophthora palmivora in relation to zoospore chemotaxis [11].
• RNA interference of soybean isoflavone synthase genes leads to silencing in tissues distal to the transformation site and to enhanced susceptibility to Phytophthora sojae [12].
• Deletion of a disease resistance nucleotide-binding-site leucine-rich- repeat-like sequence is associated with the loss of the Phytophthora resistance gene Rps4 in soybean [13].
• A very high AT mutation pressure operates on the mitochondrial genome of Phytophthora, as revealed by codon usage and by A+T content of noncoding regions, which seems paradoxical because AT pressure causes tryptophan codon reassignment from UGG to UGA in mitochondria of most species [14].
• To investigate patterns of gene expression in soybean (Glycine max) and Phytophthora sojae during an infection time course, we constructed a 4,896-gene microarray of host and pathogen cDNA transcripts [15].

Anatomical context of Phytophthora

• A Phytophthora megasperma f.sp. glycinea cell wall glucan preparation was previously shown to protect tobacco plants against viral infection [16].
• Treatment of cultured parsley cells or protoplasts with a purified extracellular glycoprotein from Phytophthora megasperma f.sp. glycinea induces the transcription of the same set of defence-related genes as is activated in parsley leaves upon infection [17].
• Evidence from cell-free systems for differences in the sterol biosynthetic pathway of Rhizoctonia solani and Phytophthora cinnamomi [18].

Associations of Phytophthora with chemical compounds

• In cultured potato cells treated with elicitor from Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight disease, transcripts encoding a linoleate 9-lipoxygenase and a linoleate 13-lipoxygenase accumulate [19].
• The interaction of isovaleraldehyde, an attractant, with zoospores of the fungus Phytophthora palmivora was investigated by using binding techniques [11].
• Transgenic soybean (Glycine max) culture cells expressing apoaequorin, a Ca2+ indicator, were exposed to glucan fragments derived from Phytophthora sojae or to chitin oligomers [20].
• A 32 kDa glycoprotein whose effects in tobacco and other Nicotianae mimic a typical hypersensitive response, was isolated from Phytophthora megasperma [21].
• Moreover, if the wall glucan elicitor from Phytophthora sojae was present during lactofen treatment, the induction of isoflavone synthase was even more rapid [22].

Gene context of Phytophthora

• Heterologous expression of a pleiotropic drug resistance transporter from Phytophthora sojae in yeast transporter mutants [23].
• tef1, a Phytophthora infestans gene encoding translation elongation factor 1alpha [24].
• A Second Kazal-like protease inhibitor from Phytophthora infestans inhibits and interacts with the apoplastic pathogenesis-related protease P69B of tomato [25].
• This work was aimed at investigating whither the expression pattern of cytosolic GAPDH is also modulated upon infection of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) with the late blight fungal agent Phytophthora infestans [26].
• A region between the RdRp and helicase domains of the polyprotein also had an amino acid sequence, resembling UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs) in Oryza sativa endornavirus and Phytophthora endornavirus 1 [27].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Phytophthora

• PCR amplification was previously used to identify a cluster of resistance gene analogues (RGAs) on soybean linkage group J. Resistance to powdery mildew (Rmd-c), Phytophthora stem and root rot (Rps2), and an ineffective nodulation gene (Rj2) map within this cluster [28].
• Levels of glucosinolates in Farsetia aegyptia var. ovalis suspension cultures were monitored after treatment with yeast extract, chitosan, methyl jasmonate, ampicillin, and Phytophthora infestans autoclaved mycelia as elicitors [29].

References