Disease relevance of C09783

• CONCLUSIONS: There is limited evidence for an ethanolic Harpagophytum extract containing less than <30 mg harpagoside per day in the treatment of knee and hip osteoarthritis [1].

High impact information on C09783

• RESULTS: The special Harpagophytum extract WS1531 had a stronger inhibitory effect on ionophore A23187-stimulated Cys-LT levels compared with pure harpagoside or other extract fractions [2].
• Ten compounds, harpagoside (1), 8- p-coumaroylharpagide (2), 8-feruloylharpagide (3), 8-cinnamoylmyoporoside (4), pagoside (5), acteoside (6), isoacteoside (7), 6'- O-acetylacteoside (8), cinnamic acid (9) and caffeic acid (10) were isolated from the storage roots of Harpagophytum procumbens, Pedaliaceae [3].
• Seven iridoid glycosides isolated from different extracts of Scrophularia scorodonia L., namely bartsioside, aucubin, harpagide, harpagoside, 8-acetylharpagide, scorodioside and scropolioside B, had been evaluated for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in cellular systems generating COX and LOX metabolites [4].
• A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of the main compounds (harpagoside, scorodioside, and verbascoside) from differents samples of SCROPHULARIA SCORODONIA [5].
• The dried aqueous extract of Harpagophytum procumbens (Pedaliaceae) and its main iridoid glycoside, harpagoside, have been evaluated for anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in mice and rats, in order to validate or invalidate the involvement of this compound in such properties [6].

Biological context of C09783

• Seasonal variations in the harpagoside content of Scrophularia scorodonia L [7].
• The total harpagoside recovery resulting from the sum of the extract and the crude drug residue was greater than 99% in all experiments [8].
• Furthermore, harpagoside dose-dependently inhibited LPS-stimulated NF-kappaB promoter activity in a gene reporter assay in RAW 264.7 cells, indicating that harpagoside interfered with the activation of gene transcription [9].
• Downregulation of iNOS expression in rat mesangial cells by special extracts of Harpagophytum procumbens derives from harpagoside-dependent and independent effects [10].

Anatomical context of C09783

• The present study has investigated the mechanism of action of harpagoside, one of the major components of Harpagophytum procumbens, using human HepG2 hepatocarcinoma and RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines [9].

Associations of C09783 with other chemical compounds

• The effect of drying conditions on harpagoside (HS) retention, as well as the use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for rapid quantification of the iridoids, HS, and 8-rho-coumaroyl harpagide (8rhoCHG) and moisture, in dried Harpagophytum procumbens (devil's claw) root was investigated [11].
• Two high-quality trials utilizing Harpagophytum procumbens (Devil's claw) found strong evidence for short-term improvements in pain and rescue medication for daily doses standardized to 50 mg or 100 mg harpagoside with another high-quality trial demonstrating relative equivalence to 12.5 mg per day of rofecoxib [12].
• It was found that both pure harpagoside and harpagoside in Harpagophytum extract have an octanol-water distribution coefficient of approximately 4 which is neither dependent on temperature nor on pH [13].
• De novo regeneration of Scrophularia yoshimurae Yamazaki (Scrophulariaceae) and quantitative analysis of harpagoside, an iridoid glucoside, formed in aerial and underground parts of in vitro propagated and wild plants by HPLC [14].
• Harpagoside inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced mRNA levels and protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide in HepG2 cells [9].

Gene context of C09783

• These results suggest that the inhibition of the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide by harpagoside involves suppression of NF-kappaB activation, thereby inhibiting downstream inflammation and subsequent pain events [9].
• Harpagoside, a major compound in devil's claw, did not contribute significantly to its antioxidant activity [15].
• Moreover, a harpagoside-free extract 1 also markedly inhibited iNOS expression, indicating that other extract constituents are involved in this effect [10].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of C09783

• Based on the obtained spectral data and reference HPLC values of harpagoside, a reliable multivariate calibration model was developed [16].
• The supercritical fluid extraction resulted in extracts containing up to 30% harpagoside [8].
• Crude methanolic extracts of Harpagophytum procumbens secondary roots and harpagoside showed a significant, dose-dependent, protective action toward HVA induced by reperfusion [17].
• The content of harpagoside, a quantitatively predominant iridoid glycoside, in different plant material was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [14].

References