Disease relevance of hydroquinone monoacetate

• Superimposed levels of regulation of the 4-hydroxyphenylacetate catabolic pathway in Escherichia coli [1].
• This behavior resembles that of the coupling protein of the 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase from Pseudomonas putida, and it might prevent the wasteful oxidation of NADH in the absence of substrate [2].
• The 4-hydroxyphenylacetate decarboxylases from Clostridium difficile and Clostridium scatologenes, which catalyze the formation of p-cresol, form a distinct group of glycyl radical enzymes (GREs) [3].
• Xanthobacter 124X when grom on 4-hydroxyphenylacetate was able to hydroxylate this compound yielding homogenisate [4].
• Klebsiella pneumoniae M5a1 has been shown to possess an inducible transport system for 4-hydroxyphenylacetate (4-HPA) [5].

High impact information on hydroquinone monoacetate

• The nucleotide sequences of the hpaB and hpaC genes encoding the 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase from Escherichia coli W ATCC 11105 have been determined [2].
• Coordinated production and utilization of FADH2 by NAD(P)H-flavin oxidoreductase and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase [6].
• Apart from a low level of esterase activity towards 4-hydroxyphenyl acetate, extracts prepared from cells grown on succinate did not contain any of these enzyme activities [7].
• The characteristics of certain mutants indicated that either uptake or hydroxylation of 3- and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate may involve a common protein component [8].
• Various strains of Escherichia coli (but not strain K-12) were found to grow on 3-hydroxyphenylacetate and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate [8].

Chemical compound and disease context of hydroquinone monoacetate

• A novel flavoprotein that catalyses the NADPH-dependent oxidation of 4-hydroxyacetophenone to 4-hydroxyphenyl acetate, was purified to homogeneity from Pseudomonas fluorescens ACB [9].
• Phototrophic transformation of phenol to 4-hydroxyphenylacetate by Rhodopseudomonas palustris [10].

Biological context of hydroquinone monoacetate

• The sequence analysis showed that the fragment encodes a two-component 4-NP hydroxylase, the predicted amino acid sequence of which exhibits significant similarity to those of phenol hydroxylases and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylases belonging to the two-component flavin diffusible monooxygenase (TC-FDM) family proposed by Galán et al [11].

Anatomical context of hydroquinone monoacetate

• Peroxynitrite formation by rat alveolar macrophages activated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate was assayed by the Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase-catalyzed nitration of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate [12].
• The inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis N-methyl-L-arginine prevented the Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase-catalyzed nitration of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate by stimulated macrophages, while Cu-depleted Zn superoxide dismutase did not catalyze the formation of 3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylacetate either in vitro or in the presence of activated macrophages [12].
• Isolated human neutrophils were exposed to gas-phase CS, and the production of nitrating and chlorinating oxidants following neutrophil stimulation was monitored using the substrate 4-hydroxyphenylacetate (HPA) [13].

Gene context of hydroquinone monoacetate

• These include benzylsuccinate synthase (Bss), 4-hydroxyphenylacetate decarboxylase (Hpd) and the coenzyme B12-independent glycerol dehydratase (Gdh) [14].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of hydroquinone monoacetate

• Identification of the 4-hydroxyphenylacetate transport gene of Escherichia coli W: construction of a highly sensitive cellular biosensor [15].
• Molecular cloning and analysis of the genes encoding the 4-hydroxyphenylacetate hydroxylase from Klebsiella pneumoniae [16].
• The smaller enzyme, which is induced by growth on 4-hydroxyphenylacetate, has been purified to 88% homogeneity by anion-exchange and affinity chromatography [17].

References