Disease relevance of LRRN2

• We have used two-dimensional electrophoresis of enzyme-digested genomic DNA to identify a novel gene GAC1, which maps at 1q32.1 and which is overexpressed in malignant gliomas in which it is amplified [1].
• Amplification and overexpression of GAC1 was demonstrated in two of eight tumors where amplifications were previously evidenced by comparative genomic hybridization (one glioblastoma multiforme and one anaplastic astrocytoma), and in one of eight unselected glioblastomas multiforme [1].
• GAC1 (51%) and MDM4 (27%) were the most frequently amplified genes within the 1q32 amplicon, and their higher amplification frequency was statistically significant (P<0.05, chi) in the low-grade astrocytomas [2].

High impact information on LRRN2

• GAC1 encodes a protein which belongs to the leucine-rich repeat superfamily [1].
• GAC1, a new member of the leucine-rich repeat superfamily on chromosome band 1q32.1, is amplified and overexpressed in malignant gliomas [1].
• GAC1 exhibits sequence homology with other proteins which function as cell-adhesion molecules or as signal transduction receptor and is a likely candidate for the target gene in the 1q32.1 amplicon in malignant gliomas [1].
• GAC-1 was induced by sorbitol [3].
• GAC-1, GAC-2, and GEFE-1 were unaffected by ethylene treatment [3].

Biological context of LRRN2

• GAC-1 is 1934 bp long with a 1446-bp open reading frame encoding a 54.1-kD polypeptide [3].
• Increased dosage of GAC1, a candidate oncogene located in 1q32, was found in two of four tumors by Southern blot analysis [4].
• A second isoform, termed hGAC, contains an open reading frame that matches hKGA except for a unique COOH-terminal amino acid sequence [5].

Associations of LRRN2 with chemical compounds

• Both GAC-1 and GAC-2 were only slightly affected by CuCl2 and induced indirectly by 2,4-D [3].
• Two Pelargonium 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase cDNAs (GAC-1 and GAC-2) were identified and characterized [3].
• Expression of GAC-1 and GAC-2 together with a previously identified ACC oxidase (GEFE-1) was examined in different Pelargonium plant parts, and leaves were subjected to osmotic stress (sorbitol), metal ion stress (CuCl2), auxin (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid [2,4-D]), and ethylene [3].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of LRRN2

• Furthermore, an RT-PCR assay was developed that can be used to easily differentiate between hKGA and hGAC mRNA species [5].

References