Disease relevance of putA

• The lesion was mapped at the putP gene, which is located at min 23 on the revised E. coli genetic map (Bachmann 1983) as a composite gene in the proline utilization gene cluster, putP, putC, and putA, arranged in this order [1].
• The putA gene codes for a protein of 1,315 amino acid residues which is homologous to the PutA protein of Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Rhodobacter capsulatus, and several Rhizobium strains [2].
• Isolation, DNA sequence analysis, and mutagenesis of a proline dehydrogenase gene (putA) from Bradyrhizobium japonicum [3].

High impact information on putA

• PutA represses transcription of genes putA and putP by binding to the control DNA region of the put regulon [4].
• The nucleotide base sequence of E. coli putA was determined, that of S. typhimurium putA was updated and the deduced PutA protein sequences were surveyed for catalytic domains and ligand binding sites [5].
• The putA gene product acted as a repressor in the absence of proline, but not in its presence [6].
• Five potential promoters (putPp1-putPp5) for the putP gene, which were separate from the promoter region for the putA gene, were indicated by S1 mapping analysis of the putP gene transcripts [7].
• E. coli W1485 putA which harbors pWFP1 carrying the proline 4-hydroxylase gene, proB74, and proA produced 25 g/l of Hyp in 96 h [8].

Biological context of putA

• The nucleotide sequence of the putC region, from which divergent transcription of the putP and putA genes starts, was determined [7].
• Potential promoter, catabolite gene activator protein (CAP) binding sites and several palindromic sequences, which might be regulatory regions by the putA gene product, were also found in the 5' flanking region of the postulated putP gene [9].
• Unlike the gene isolated from E. coli, S. typhimurium, and K. pneumoniae, the B. japonicum putA gene does not appear to be part of an operon with the proline porter gene (putP) [3].

Anatomical context of putA

• Membranes from a strain with a deletion of the putA gene encoding L-proline dehydrogenase or a strain with a putA::Tn5 insertion mutation had no detectable activity with either substrate [10].

Associations of putA with chemical compounds

• In a P. putida putA-deficient background, expression of both putA and putP genes was maximal and proline independent [2].

Other interactions of putA

• We concluded that the putC region is 419 bp long and contains two independent sets of promoters, regulating the expression of putP and putA genes in opposite directions [7].

References