Psychiatry related information on Paired-Associate Learning

• In addition, administration of hydrocortisone was associated with more errors in the paired associate learning subtest, although no effect was found on the Tower of London. Hydrocortisone speeded response latencies in certain tests (pattern and spatial recognition memory) [1].
• This approach has been used to develop a test package for Alzheimer's disease that consists of some simple cognitive tests (Paired Associate Learning Test, Trailmaking Test, and Raven's Progressive Matrices) combined with age and family history of dementia [2].
• Subjects treated with diazepam (0.3 mg/kg) showed significant reductions in performance on multiple-trial free recall, paired-associate learning, and serial learning tasks compared to placebo control subjects [3].
• The construct validity of Wechsler Memory Scale Logical Memory, Paired Associate Learning and Visual Reproduction subtests was evaluated, as well as the validity of the Benton Visual Retention Test, and the two memory factor scales of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB) [4].
• Main outcome measures were change from baseline and rate of change from baseline for the following psychometric tests: Verbal Fluency Test, Weschler Paired Associate Learning and 20 min Delayed Recall, Trailmaking A and B Tests, Cancellation Random Letter and Random Form Tests [5].

High impact information on Paired-Associate Learning

• There was a significant, although modest, association between change in the Paired Associate Learning Test score over time and NSAID use, which was modified by age [6].
• Differential muscarinic and NMDA contributions to visuo-spatial paired-associate learning in rhesus monkeys [7].
• Expression of the transcription factor Zif268 in the temporal cortex of monkeys during visual paired associate learning [8].
• The effects of immediate post-learning smoking of low and medium nicotine delivery cigarettes were compared to those of smoking a denicotinised cigarette and a no-smoking control condition in a paired-associate learning task [9].
• Selective impairment of paired associate learning after administration of a centrally-acting adrenergic agonist (clonidine) [10].

Chemical compound and disease context of Paired-Associate Learning

• Methylphenidate state-dependent learning was investigated using a paired-associate learning task of 16 pairs of pictures [11].
• Male-to-female transsexuals undergoing estrogen treatment for sex reassignment (n = 29) scored higher on Paired Associate Learning (PAL) compared to a similar transsexual control group, awaiting estrogen treatment (n = 30) (P < 0.05) [12].
• A visual-verbal paired associate learning test showed a not significant tendency for benefit with DDAVP [13].
• Asthmatic children receiving theophylline or steroid-theophylline combination therapy and normal nonasthmatics were given tests of visual retention and paired-associate learning [14].
• CONCLUSIONS: These findings are among the first to suggest that the nigrostriatal dopamine dysfunction associated with PD may play a role in incentive learning but not in paired-associate learning and are consistent with a role for dopamine in certain forms of learning and memory [15].

Anatomical context of Paired-Associate Learning

• Deletion of CA3 NR1 genes in <30% of the dorsal hippocampus was sufficient to disrupt new learning, whereas the same treatment does not prevent expression of previously acquired paired associates and does not affect the ability to discriminate contexts or paired associate learning when either the cues or the context is familiar [16].

Gene context of Paired-Associate Learning

• A paired-associate learning (PAL) test was administered to 22 community volunteers without disruptive disorders and 197 children (7.5-13.5 years-old) presenting with the inattentive and combined subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) either in combination with or without oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) [17].
• Neuropsychological assessment included the WAIS and WMS subtests information, picture completion, similarities, digit span, logical memory, and paired associate learning [18].
• Marijuana has been found to interfere with both paired-associate learning and phasic GSR activity [19].
• The LHS patients (n = 20) were significantly worse on paired associate learning than RHS patients (n = 18), the performance of RHS patients being consistent with normative standards [20].
• Memory tests, including the Alternation Test and determinations of Extended Digit Span, Spatial Memory, and Paired Associate Learning, were given annually between 4 and 8 years of age [21].

References